a fearful wound had incapacitated him for further service, and had then joined the staff of a great, conservative Parisian weekly.  The man was a disciple of Ernest Psichari, the soldier mystic who died so superbly at Charleroi in the dreadful days before the Marne.  From him I learned something of the French conception of the idea of war.  It was not uninteresting to compare the French point of view with the German, and we talked late into the night while the ship was plunging through the storm.  An article in the review, “La Psychologie des Barbares,” was the starting-point of our conversation.

“You must remember that the word ‘barbarian’ which we apply to the Germans, is understood by the French intellectually,” said he.  “Not only do German atrocities seem barbarous, but their thought also.  Consider the respective national conceptions of the idea of war.  To the Germans, war is an end in itself, and in itself and in all its effects perfect and good.  To the French mind, this conception of war is barbaric, for war is not good in itself and may be fatal to both victor and vanquished.” (He spoke a beautiful, lucid French with a sort of military preciseness.)

“It was Ernest Psichari who revealed to us the raison d’etre of arms in modern life, and taught us the meaning of war.  To him, war was no savage ruee, but the discipline of history for which every nation must be prepared, a terrible discipline neither to be sought, nor rejected when proffered.  Thus the Boches, once their illusion of the glory of war is smashed, have nothing to fall back on, but the French point of view is stable and makes for a good morale.  Psichari was the intellectual leader of that movement for the regeneration of the army which has saved France.  When the doctrines of pacificism began to be preached in France, and cries of ‘A bas l’armee’ were heard in the streets, Psichari showed that the army was the only institution left in our industrialized world with the old ideals and the power to teach them.  Quand on a tout dit, the military ideals of honor, duty, and sacrifice of one’s all for the common good are the fundamentals of. character.  Psichari turned this generation from a generation of dreamers to a generation of soldiers, knowing why they were soldiers, glad to be soldiers.  The army saved the morale of France when the Church had lost its hold, and the public schools had been delivered to the creatures of sentimental doctrinaire government.  Was it not a pity that Psichari should have died so young?”

“Did you know him?” I asked.

“Yes; I saw something of him in Africa.  The mystery of the East had profoundly stirred him.  He was a dark, serious fellow with something of the profile of his grandfather, Ernest Renan.  At Charleroi, after an heroic stand, he and every man of his squad died beside the guns they served.”

Long after, at the Bois-le-Pretre, I went to the trenches to get a young sergeant.  His friends had with clumsy kindness gathered together his little belongings and put them in the ambulance.  “As tu trouve mon livre?” (Have you found my book?) he asked anxiously, and they tossed beside the stretcher a trench-mired copy of Psichari’s “L’Appel des Armes.”