self-determination and statehood were entering a stage of affluence.  These countries and peoples were mainly Afro-Asian.  Some of them were located in Latin America.

4.  Countries and peoples still under the political, economic and cultural umbrella of the formerly dominant empires were at different stages in the completion of the bourgeois revolution.  Their ruling oligarchies—­fascist or neo-fascist—­were stubborn defenders of remnants and fragments of the nineteenth century bourgeois culture.  Their stronghold was the Atlantic Community.

During the cold war years following 1945 each of these groups was undergoing the drastic social changes incident to the worldwide revolution of the period.  Meanwhile mini-wars, civil and international, were fought in the Americas, Africa and Asia.  By common consent conventional weapons were used and atomic weapons were kept in mothballs.

These experiences were highlighted in British Guyana and Cuba.  British Guyana was a Crown Colony, with a London-appointed Governor and a small occupying force of British troops with an elected legislative assembly and a considerable measure of home rule.

Democratic socialists Cheddi and Janet Jagan helped to organize the Peoples Progressive Party of British Guyana.  Twice Jagan won a popular electoral majority and was established as Prime Minister of the British Colony.  His two periods of administrative responsibility were badgered and hectored by every reactionary force that could be mobilized inside and outside British Guyana, from the British appointed governor to the domestic and foreign business interests and the urban trade unions.  Before a third election British and American governments, business and labor interests got together.  Money was funnelled into the country through trade union connections.  Protests were staged.  Riots were organized.  The electoral system under which the Peoples Progressive Party had won its victories was altered in London and Jagan was replaced by a system of proportional representation under which the P.P.P. was defeated and a new regime inaugurated.

Throughout the struggle the Peoples Progressive Party had insisted upon winning popular majorities as a basis for establishing socialism in the colony by democratic methods and legal means.  Imperialist reactionaries from Britain’s Prime Minister and the President of the United States to the A.F. of L.-C.I.O. retorted:  “No you don’t”, and backed up their veto with money, riots and guns.  As a consequence of this counter-revolutionary conspiracy, the Peoples Progressive Party was forced out of office and an administration favorable to British, United States and native Guyanese capital was substituted.