[Illustration:  FIG. 6.—­Unequal distribution of stress in a long column due to lateral bending.]

|------------------------------------------------------

-|
|                       TABLE IV                        |
|-------------------------------------------------------|
|   RESULTS OF COMPRESSION TESTS ACROSS THE GRAIN ON    |
|   51 WOODS IN GREEN CONDITION, AND COMPARISON WITH    |
|                       WHITE OAK                       |
|                 (U.  S. Forest Service)                |
|-------------------------------------------------------|
|                       | Fibre stress  | Fiber stress  |
|      COMMON NAME      |  at elastic   | in per cent   |
|      OF SPECIES       |     limit     | of white oak, |
|                       | perpendicular | or 853 pounds |
|                       |   to grain    | per sq. in.   |
|-----------------------+---------------+---------------|
|                       |   Lbs. per    |               |
|                       |   sq. inch    |    Per cent   |
|                       |               |               |
| Osage orange          |     2,260     |      265.0    |
| Honey locust          |     1,684     |      197.5    |
| Black locust          |     1,426     |      167.2    |
| Post oak              |     1,148     |      134.6    |
| Pignut hickory        |     1,142     |      133.9    |
| Water hickory         |     1,088     |      127.5    |
| Shagbark hickory      |     1,070     |      125.5    |
| Mockernut hickory     |     1,012     |      118.6    |
| Big shellbark hickory |       997     |      116.9    |
| Bitternut hickory     |       986     |      115.7    |
| Nutmeg hickory        |       938     |      110.0    |
| Yellow oak            |       857     |      100.5    |
| White oak             |       853     |      100.0    |
| Bur oak               |       836     |       98.0    |
| White ash             |       828     |       97.1    |
| Red oak               |       778     |       91.2    |
| Sugar maple           |       742     |       87.0    |
| Rock elm              |       696     |       81.6    |
| Beech                 |       607     |       71.2    |
| Slippery elm          |       599     |       70.2    |
| Redwood               |       578     |       67.8    |
| Bald cypress          |       548     |       64.3    |
| Red maple             |       531     |       62.3    |
| Hackberry             |       525     |       61.6    |
| Incense cedar         |       518     |       60.8    |
| Hemlock               |       497     |       58.3    |
| Longleaf pine         |       491     |       57.6    |
| Tamarack              |       480     |       56.3    |
| Silver maple          |       456     |       53.5    |
| Yellow birch          |       454     |       53.2    |
| Tupelo                |       451     |       52.9    |
| Black cherry          |       444     |       52.1    |
| Sycamore              |       433     |       50.8    |