General Lee had planned to place Jackson’s corps in rear of Pope’s army, without severing communication with Longstreet; but the developments of the campaign had thrown Jackson between Pope and Washington while yet the corps of Longstreet was two days’ march behind, and beyond the Bull Run mountains.  Pope had made dispositions to crush Jackson; to delay Longstreet he occupied with a division Thoroughfare Gap,—­through which Jackson had marched and I had straggled on the 26th,—­and with his other divisions had marched on Manassas.  Jackson had thus been forced to retreat toward the north in order to gain time.  When Hill’s division reached Centreville, it turned west, as already related, and while Pope was marching on Centreville Jackson was marching to get nearer Longstreet.  This placed Ricketts’s division of Pope’s army, which had occupied Thoroughfare Gap for the purpose of preventing the passage of Longstreet, between Longstreet and Jackson.  Ricketts was thus forced to yield the gap after having delayed Longstreet during the night of the 28th.  Pope could now have retired to Washington without a battle, but he decided to overwhelm Jackson before Longstreet could reach the field, and attacked hotly on the Confederate left.

The battle of Friday, the 29th of August, was fought then in consequence of the double motive already hinted at, namely, that of Pope to overwhelm Jackson, and of Jackson to resist and hold Pope until Longstreet came.  Jackson’s manoeuvres had brought him within six hours’ march of Longstreet, and while Jackson’s men were dying in the woods, Longstreet’s iron men, covered with dust and sweat, were marching with rapid and long strides to the sound of battle in their front, where, upon their comrades at bay, Pope was throwing division after division into the fight.

Upon the left of Company H was a small open field, enclosed by a rail fence; the part of the field nearest us was unplanted; the far side of the field—­that nearest the enemy—­was in corn.  The left of our line did not extend quite to the fence, but at some times in the battle we were forced to gather at the fence and fire upon the Federals advancing through the field to turn our left.

Company H had hardly formed in its position upon the extreme left before the shouts of the Federal line of battle told of their coming straight through the woods upon us.  They reached the undergrowth which bordered the farther side of the railroad way.  The orders of their officers could be heard.  We lay in the open woods, each man behind a tree as far as was possible; but the trees were too few.  The dense bushes, which had grown up in the edge of the railroad way, effectually concealed the enemy.  We were hoping for them to come on and get into view, but they remained in the bushes and poured volley after volley into our ranks.  We returned their fire as well as we could, but knew that many of our shots would be wasted, as we could rarely have definite aim, except at the line of smoke in the thick bushes.