[Footnote 43:  From the French—­Tranche, a deep cut.]

[Footnote 44:  It is a singular fact that all the martins, of which there were great numbers occupying the little houses constructed for them by the soldiers, were observed to have disappeared from their homes on the morning following the embarkation of the troops.  After an absence of five days they returned.  They had perhaps taken a fancy to accompany their old friends, but, finding they were not Mother Carey’s chickens, deemed it most prudent to return and reoccupy their old dwellings.]

[Footnote 45:  It is now known as Dunkley’s Grove.]

[Footnote 46:  How the woods talk!]

[Footnote 47:  It will be remembered that these were the arguments used at a period when the Indians possessed most of the broad lands on the Upper Mississippi and its tributaries—­when they were still allowed some share of the blessings of life.]

[Footnote 48:  The Indians, in relating a story like this, apologize for alluding to a revolting subject.  “You will think this unpleasant,” they say.]

[Footnote 49:  Come in, my daughter.]

[Footnote 50:  The Indians sing these words to an air peculiar to themselves.]

[Footnote 51:  Three streams or water courses of that region.]

[Footnote 52:  See Appendix.]

[Footnote 53:  As “the venerable Joseph Crely” has become historic from his claim to have reached the age of one hundred and thirty-nine years, I will state that at this period (1832) he was a hale, hearty man of sixty years or less.]

[Footnote 54:  The Indians who had “been at Washington” were very fond of calling their Father thus.  Black Wolf’s son would go further, and vociferate “K’hizzie,” to show his familiarity.]

[Footnote 55:  Fisher’s Hornpipe.]

[Footnote 56:  General Atkinson.]

[Footnote 57:  A belt of land termed the Neutral Ground of the different opposing nations.]

[Footnote 58:  St. Louis, Mo.]

[Footnote 59:  There is no such river in this country, therefore this treaty is null and void—­of no effect in law or equity.  Such was the opinion of the late Governor Howard. (T.F.)]

[Footnote 60:  Superintendent of Indian Affairs at St. Louis.]

[Footnote 61:  I do not understand.  I remember nothing.  I am very, very old—­the thirteenth of September, 1726, I was born.  No, no—­I can recollect nothing.  I am old, old.]

[Footnote 62:  Therese, there is a gentleman here who wishes to see you.]