Soldiers” in the same number of the periodical; and a little later in the year the Department of Justice devoted twenty-seven pages of the report of the investigation against “Persons Advising Anarchy, Sedition, and the Forcible Overthrow of the Government” to a report on “Radicalism and Sedition among the Negroes as Reflected in Their Publications.”  Among other periodicals and papers mentioned were the Messenger and the Negro World of New York; and by the Messenger indeed, frankly radical in its attitude not only on the race question but also on fundamental economic principles, even the Crisis was regarded as conservative in tone.  There could be no doubt that a great spiritual change had come over the Negro people of the United States.  At the very time that their sons and brothers were making the supreme sacrifice in France they were witnessing such events as those at East St. Louis or Houston, or reading of three burnings within a year in Tennessee.  A new determination closely akin to consecration possessed them.  Fully to understand the new spirit one would read not only such publications as those that have been mentioned, but also those issued in the heart of the South.  “Good-by, Black Mammy,” said the Southwestern Christian Advocate, taking as its theme the story of four Southern white men who acted as honorary pallbearers at an old Negro woman’s funeral, but who under no circumstances would thus have served for a thrifty, intelligent, well-educated man of the race.  Said the Houston Informer, voicing the feeling of thousands, “The black man fought to make the world safe for democracy; he now demands that America be made and maintained safe for black Americans.”  With hypocrisy in the practice of the Christian religion there ceased to be any patience whatsoever, as was shown by the treatment accorded a Y.M.C.A.  “Call on behalf of the young men and boys of the two great sister Anglo-Saxon nations.”  “Read!  Read!  Read!” said the Challenge Magazine, “then when the mob comes, whether with torch or with gun, let us stand at Armageddon and battle for the Lord.”  “Protect your home,” said the gentle Christian Recorder, “protect your wife and children, with your life if necessary.  If a man crosses your threshold after you and your family, the law allows you to protect your home even if you have to kill the intruder.”  Perhaps nothing, however, better summed up the new spirit than the following sonnet by Claude McKay: 

  If we must die, let it not be like hogs
    Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot,
  While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs,
    Making their mock at our accursed lot. 
  If we must die, let it not be like hogs
    So that our precious blood may not be shed
  In vain; then even the monsters we defy
    Shall be constrained to honor us, though dead! 
  Oh, kinsman!  We must meet the common foe;
    Though far outnumbered, let