6.  An enthymeme is a syllogism with but one premise expressed.

7.  Errors of deduction arise—­
  a. If terms are not used throughout with the same meaning.
  b. If the major premise does not make a statement about every member
        of the class denoted by the middle term.
  c. If either premise is false.

8.  Belief in a specific proposition may arise—­
  a. Because of the presentation of evidence which is true and
        pertinent.
  b. Because of a belief in some general principle or theory which
        applies to it.

In arguing therefore we—­
  a. Present true and pertinent facts, or evidence; or
  b. Appeal directly to general theories, or by means of facts, maxims,
        allusions, inferences, or the quoting of authorities, seek to call
        up such theories.

9.  Classes of arguments:—­
  a. Arguments from cause.
  b. Arguments from sign and attendant circumstances.
  c. Arguments from example and analogy.

10.  Arrangement.
  a. Arguments from cause should precede arguments from sign, and
        arguments from sign should precede arguments from example.
  b. Inductive arguments usually precede deductive arguments.
  c. Arguments should be arranged with reference to climax.
  d. Arguments should be arranged, when possible, in a coherent order.

11.  In making a brief the above principles of arrangement should be observed.  Attention should be given to unity so that the trivial and false may be excluded.

12.  Persuasion is argument that aims to establish the wisdom of a course of action.

13.  Persuasion appeals largely to the feelings.
  a. Those feelings of satisfaction resulting from approval,
        commendation, or praise, or the desire to avoid blame, disaster,
        or loss of self-esteem.
  b. Those feelings resulting from the proper and legitimate use of
        one’s powers.
  c. Those feelings which arise from possession, either actual or
        anticipated.

14.  Persuasion is concerned with—­
  a. Questions of right.
  b. Questions of expediency.

APPENDIX

I. ELEMENTS OF FORM

+1.  Importance of Form.+—­The suggestions which have been made for the correction of the Themes have laid emphasis upon the thought.  Though the thought side is the more important, yet careful attention must also be given to the form in which it is stated.  If we wish to express our thoughts so that they will be understood by others, we shall be surer to succeed if we use the forms to which our hearers are accustomed.  The great purpose of composition is the clear expression of thought, and this is aided by the use of the forms which are conventional and customary.