“Very urgent.  I inform you of the capture made by my soldiers:  2 lieutenants of the Marine Corps, 2 lieutenants of the Spanish Infantry, 52 soldiers.  Rifles about 400.  I put them under your orders and await your instructions.”—­P.I.R., 1179. 5.

[158] The Spanish Governor-General.

[159] P.I.R., 1300. 2.

[160] Taylor, 58 HJ.

[161] Ibid., 59.

[162] See footnote 2, p. 108.

[163] P.I.R., Books C-1.

[164] Taylor, 15 AJ.

[165] The word Indios, here translated “Indians,” means Malayan Filipinos of pure blood as distinguished from mestizos or people of mixed blood.

[166] P.I.R., 918. 2.

[167] The following telegram was sent by Colonel Jose to Aguinaldo:—­

“Urgent.  August 20, 1898:  Colonel Lopez reports that our troops are still sacking and committing outrages in Malate, Paco and Ermita, even menacing people with their arms.  Urge you to take proper measures to stop these abuses.”—­P.I.R., 1167. 3.

[168] Extract from a letter of August 20, 1899, from Mabini to Aguinaldo: 

“Senor Lopez, your adjutant, arrived and told me of many complaints regarding the behaviour of the soldiers.  He says that our officers carry off many horses, some of them belonging to foreigners.  If the foreigners should enter a protest against such doings, I do not know what will be thought of our government.

“It is also absolutely necessary that a stop should be put to the passes, and that the tax on merchandise entering Manila, should no longer be exacted.  It is absolutely necessary, if you think well of it, for us to promote General Pio, and make him your second in command.  It is necessary for him to leave the vicinity of Manila, as we cannot remove him by force; and do not reprimand him.

“If you approve, I will write a Decree, but I reflect that nothing will succeed, if our commanders are not obliged to comply.”

—­P.I.R., 472. 13.

[169] I.e. the Americans.

[170] P.I.R., 458. 8.

[171] Major J. F. Bell accompanied Sandico on this trip.

[172] P.I.R., 1166. 12.

[173] “I regret very much to have to inform you that as long as personal property is not respected here in Manila especially, by some of our men, as long as personal security does not exist and as long as prisoners are tortured, we cannot hope to deserve the confidence of the other governments.  Murders, thefts of carriages and horses, are very frequent here, as is kidnapping,...

“Sergeant Barcena, of the Fifth Company of the Second Zone, that is the zone of General Pio del Pilar, informed me that the cruel officers of that Zone, were Major Carmona and a lieutenant who was formerly a barber.

“I know that the Government has ordered that private persons and property be respected and has withdrawn from the military the power of trying civilians; but in view of the fact that notwithstanding this restriction some of them continue to discharge powers of which they have been divested, I find it necessary to call your attention thereto, in order that more energetic measures may be adopted so that other nations may not be led to believe that our government is very weak.