[Footnote 1:  A wolf of enormous size, and, in some respects, irregular conformation, which for a long time ravaged the Gevaudan; it was, soon after the date of this letter, killed, and Mr. Walpole saw it in Paris.]

RIOTS OF WEAVERS—­MINISTERIAL CHANGES—­FACTIOUS CONDUCT OF MR. PITT.

TO SIR HORACE MANN.

ARLINGTON STREET, May 25, 1765, sent by way of Paris.

My last I think was of the 16th.  Since that we have had events of almost every sort.  A whole administration dismissed, taken again, suspended, confirmed; an insurrection; and we have been at the eve of a civil war.  Many thousand Weavers rose, on a bill for their relief being thrown out of the House of Lords by the Duke of Bedford.  For four days they were suffered to march about the town with colours displayed, petitioning the King, surrounding the House of Lords, mobbing and wounding the Duke of Bedford, and at last besieging his house, which, with his family, was narrowly saved from destruction.  At last it grew a regular siege and blockade; but by garrisoning it with horse and foot literally, and calling in several regiments, the tumult is appeased.  Lord Bute rashly taking advantage of this unpopularity of his enemies, advised the King to notify to his Ministers that he intended to dismiss them,—­and by this step, no succedaneum being prepared, reduced his Majesty to the alternative of laying his crown at the foot of Mr. Pitt, or of the Duke of Bedford; and as it proved at last, of both.  The Duke of Cumberland was sent for, and was sent to Mr. Pitt, from whom, though offering almost carte blanche, he received a peremptory refusal.  The next measure was to form a Ministry from the Opposition.  Willing were they, but timid.  Without Mr. Pitt nobody would engage.  The King was forced to desire his old Ministers to stay where they were.  They, who had rallied their very dejected courage, demanded terms, and hard ones indeed—­promise of never consulting Lord Bute, dismission of his brother, and the appointment of Lord Granby to be Captain-General—­so soon did those tools of prerogative talk to their exalted sovereign in the language of the Parliament to Charles I.

The King, rather than resign his sceptre on the first summons, determined to name his uncle Captain-General.  Thus the commanders at least were ready on each side; but the Ministers, who by the Treaty of Paris showed how little military glory was the object of their ambition, having contented themselves with seizing St. James’s without bloodshed.  They gave up their General, upon condition Mr. Mackenzie and Lord Holland were sacrificed to them, and, tacitly, Lord Northumberland, whose government they bestow on Lord Weymouth without furnishing another place to the earl, as was intended for him.  All this is granted.  Still there are inexplicable riddles.  In the height of negotiation, Lord Temple was reconciled to his brother George, and declares himself a fast friend to the late and present Ministry.  What part Mr. Pitt will act is not yet known—­probably not a hostile one; but here are fine seeds of division and animosity sown!