In May, the doctor attempted a second reconnoissance of the Rovouma; then, at the end of November, he entered the Zambezi again, and sailed up the Chire again.  In April, 1863, he lost his companion, Thornton, sent back to Europe his brother Charles and Dr. Kirk, who were both exhausted by sickness, and November 10th, for the third time, he saw Nyassa, of which he completed the hydrography.  Three months after he was again at the mouth of the Zambezi, passed to Zanzibar, and July 20th, 1864, after five years’ absence, he arrived in London, where he published his work entitled:  “Exploration of the Zambezi and its Branches.”

January 28th, 1866, Livingstone landed again at Zanzibar.  He was beginning his fourth voyage.

August 8th, after having witnessed the horrible scenes provoked by the slave-trade in that country, the doctor, taking this time only a few cipayes and a few negroes, found himself again at Mokalaose, on the banks of the Nyassa.  Six weeks later, the majority of the men forming the escort took flight, returned to Zanzibar, and there falsely spread the report of Livingstone’s death.

He, however, did not draw back.  He wished to visit the country comprised between the Nyassa and Lake Tanganyika.  December 10th, guided by some natives, he traversed the Loangona River, and April 2d, 1867, he discovered Lake Liemmba.  There he remained a month between life and death.  Hardly well again August 30th he reached Lake Moero, of which he visited the northern shore, and November 21st he entered the town of Cayembe, where he lived forty days, during which he twice renewed his exploration of Lake Moero.

From Cayembe Livingstone took a northern direction, with the design of reaching the important town of Oujiji, on the Tanganyika.  Surprised by the rising of the waters, and abandoned by his guides, he was obliged to return to Cayembe.  He redescended to the south June 6th, and six weeks after gained the great lake Bangoneolo.  He remained there till August 9th, and then sought to reascend toward Lake Tanganyika.

What a journey!  On setting out, January 7th, 1869, the heroic doctor’s feebleness was such that be had to be carried.  In February he at last reached the lake and arrived at Oujiji, where he found some articles sent to his address by the Oriental Company of Calcutta.

Livingstone then had but one idea, to gain the sources of the valley of the Nile by ascending the Tanganyika.  September 21st he was at Bambarre, in the Manonyema, a cannibal country, and arrived at the Loualaba—­that Loualaba that Cameron was going to suspect, and Stanley to discover, to be only the upper Zaire, or Congo.  At Mamohela the doctor was sick for eighty days.  He had only three servants.  July 21st, 1871, he departed again for the Tanganyika, and only reentered Oujiji October 23d.  He was then a mere skeleton.

Meanwhile, before this period, people had been a long time without news of the traveler.  In Europe they believed him to be dead.  He himself had almost lost hope of being ever relieved.