of his Hearers, and set the Passions of all Greece
in a Ferment, when the present Welfare of his Country,
or the Fear of hostile Invasions, was the Subject:
What may be expected from that Orator, who warns
his Audience against those Evils which have no Remedy,
when once undergone, either from Prudence or Time?
As much greater as the Evils in a future State are
than these at present, so much are the Motives to
Persuasion under Christianity greater than those
which meer moral Considerations could supply us with.
But what I now mention relates only to the Power
of moving the Affections. There is another
Part of Eloquence, which is indeed its Master-piece;
I mean the Marvellous or Sublime. In this the
Christian Orator has the Advantage beyond Contradiction.
Our Ideas are so infinitely enlarged by Revelation,
the Eye of Reason has so wide a Prospect into Eternity,
the Notions of a Deity are so worthy and refined,
and the Accounts we have of a State of Happiness
or Misery so clear and evident, that the Contemplation
of such Objects will give our Discourse a noble Vigour,
an invincible Force, beyond the Power of any human
Consideration. Tully requires in his Perfect
Orator some Skill in the Nature of Heavenly Bodies,
because, says he, his Mind will become more extensive
and unconfined; and when he descends to treat of
human Affairs, he will both think and write in a
more exalted and magnificent Manner. For the
same Reason that excellent Master would have recommended
the Study of those great and glorious Mysteries
which Revelation has discovered to us; to which
the noblest Parts of this System of the World are
as much inferiour, as the Creature is less excellent
than its Creator. The wisest and most knowing
among the Heathens had very poor and imperfect Notions
of a future State. They had indeed some uncertain
Hopes, either received by Tradition, or, gathered by
Reason, that the Existence of virtuous Men would
not be determined by the Separation of Soul and
Body: But they either disbelieved a future State
of Punishment and Misery, or upon the same Account
that Apelles painted Antigonus with
one Side only towards the Spectator, that the Loss
of his Eye might not cast a Blemish upon the whole
Piece; so these represented the Condition of Man in
its fairest View, and endeavoured to conceal what
they thought was a Deformity to human Nature.
I have often observed, that whenever the abovementioned
Orator in his Philosophical Discourses is led by
his Argument to the Mention of Immortality, he seems
like one awaked out of Sleep, rous’d and alarm’d
with the Dignity of the Subject, he stretches his
Imagination to conceive something uncommon, and with
the greatness of his Thoughts, casts, as it were,
a Glory round the Sentence; Uncertain and unsettled
as he was, he seems fired with the Contemplation of
it. And nothing but such a Glorious Prospect
could have forced so great a Lover of Truth, as
he was, to declare his Resolution never to part with