the “razor-back.”  The fact that the food consumed by the Berkshire produces a large quantity of fat, makes him unfitted to live if he were living for his own sake.  Turn both hogs out to run wild, and the “razor-back” will live and the Berkshire die.  Nature will make her selection and adapt the hog to his environment.  The Berkshire will produce more lard, but it will not run so fast; it has no more brains and cannot adapt what it has so well to the preservation of life.  The same thing is doubtless true of other animals and likewise of plant life.  The Jersey cow would not survive in a natural state.  She gives too much milk and for too long a time.  Man has made of her a milk-machine.  Turn all thoroughbred horses out on the plains to shift for themselves, and they would either die or gradually be modified until they were adapted to the free and wild life of the plains.  This would not be so good for man, but would be better for the horses.  In plants and animals, man can by selection breed or cultivate any characteristics that he may choose, but he cannot produce a horse which is both a draft horse and a running horse; he cannot produce cattle that are the best both for milk and beef.  He is urged to try scientific breeding on the human race.  How would he have man changed?  Would he experiment for more intellect, or a bigger and stronger physique?  Would he breed for art and civilization or would he breed for strength and physical endurance?  What qualities are desirable for the human race?  This would be a very hard question even to entrust to a popular vote.  While the capacity of cattle to produce milk can be increased, cattle cannot increase their own capacity or improve their own quality.  This can be done only by the slow and patient processes of Nature in the line of adapting the animal to its environment.  The rapid change that is to come about by breeding must be directed and controlled by man.  The cattle have nothing to say about the process.  No doubt a higher order of beings who could control man might, and perhaps would change him by selective mating.  How they would change him would depend on the use they wished to make of him, not on what the man himself would like to do.  The contemplation of a higher order of beings experimenting with the human race is not a pleasant one for intelligent men.

Can we imagine men, through government, forcibly experimenting with each other?  Who would settle the kind of man that was to be evolved or the specific changes that would be required?  Or, what was to be done and how?  Who could prophesy what man would be like when he should be made over in the likeness of something else?  Who are the people with the breadth and tolerance and infinite wisdom, in whose hands it would be safe to place the remodeling of man?  It is hard to conceive that it can be seriously considered.