“Who would have thought it?” said Ephraim, as, by the side of Itzig, and accompanied by some of the most wealthy Jewish merchants, he took the road to Gotzkowsky’s dwelling—­“who would have thought it?  The powerful Russian General von Tottleben is the friend of Gotzkowsky, and the greatest men among our people are now obliged to go to Gotzkowsky’s house to implore his influence and protection.”

“Yes,” sighed the rich merchant David, “we are obliged to apply to him to befriend us, and yet what is he compared to you?  You are much richer than he is.”

“Silence, unfortunate man!” cried Ephraim with a shudder, as he looked shyly around.  “I am poor, and for that reason can pay nothing.  I am poor, as all of us wretched Jews are.  Have we not to contribute the greater portion of the war-tax?  Are not all our means exhausted?  Is that not enough?”

“Too much!” groaned Itzig, who till now had walked in melancholy contemplation at Ephraim’s other side.  “It is too much.  Are we then treated like human beings?  Have we any rights?  Only when we have to pay, do they remember that we have the right of giving up our hard-earned property.  If the Jew has no money, is he not at least a man, say I?”

“Pshaw! a man!” cried Ephraim.  “Whoever is without money is no man, be he Jew or Christian.  If Gotzkowsky had no money, he would be no better than we are.  Why does the Russian general have any thing to do with him?  Because he is rich.  Why do the counts and lords pay court to him?  For the same reason.  Why do they call his daughter an angel, and swear she is the handsomest woman in Berlin?  Because her father is the richest Christian merchant in the town.  The whole world knows and admires him.  And why?  Because he is rich.”

“No one is rich,” said Itzig, shaking his head.  “He who has not every thing is not rich.  There is no such thing as riches, for he who has much has to give much.”

“God knows we will have to give much!” whimpered Ephraim, and all his companions joined in with groans and sighs as a chorus to his speech.  “They mean to take every thing from us that we own, and Itzig is right; if the Jew has not money, he is nobody.  Have we not suffered as much as others?  Have we not protected our people, and fed and housed our poor?  No one talks about these things, but the whole town talks about Gotzkowsky.  They praise him, they exalt him; they cry out his name everywhere, so that one’s heart actually burns for vexation.  And yet at the highest calculation he is not worth more than a million.”

“He is worth more than ourselves; he is worth much more, for he has the favor of the Russian general.  For this reason we must bow down before him, and flatter him, and assure him of our eternal gratitude, for it is a question not of life, but what is more precious than life—­money.”

With deep-drawn sighs they whined out, “Yes, we must bow to him, and flatter him, and yet we are richer than he is.”