The chief interest of the British was to preserve the fur trade for their merchants, and it was mainly for this reason that they clung so tenaciously to the Lake Posts.  For their purposes it was essential that the Indians should remain lords of the soil.  They preferred to see the savages at peace with the Americans, provided that in this way they could keep their lands; but, whether through peace or war, they wished the lands to remain Indian, and the Americans to be barred from them.  While they did not at the moment advise war, their advice to make peace was so faintly uttered, and so hedged round with conditions as to be of no weight; and they furnished the Indians not only with provisions but with munitions of war.  While McKee, and other British officers, were at the Miami Rapids, holding councils with the Indians, and issuing to them goods and weapons, bands of braves were continually returning from forays against the American frontier, bringing in scalps and prisoners; and the wilder subjects of the British King, like the Girtys, and some of the French from Detroit, went off with the war parties on their forays. [Footnote:  American State Papers, iv., 196.  Narrative of Thomas Rhea, July 2, 1791.  This narrative was distrusted; but it is fully borne out by McKee’s letter, and the narrative of Brickell.  He saw Brickell, whom he calls “Brittle,” at the Miami.] The authorities at the capital of the new Republic were deceived by the warmth with which the British insisted that they were striving to bring about a peace; but the frontiersmen were not deceived, and they were right in their belief that the British were really the mainstay and support of the Indians in their warfare.

    The Americans Draw the Sword.

Peace could only be won by the unsheathed sword.  Even the National Government was reluctantly driven to this view.  As all the Northwestern tribes were banded in open war, it was useless to let the conflict remain a succession of raids and counter-raids.  Only a severe stroke, delivered by a formidable army, could cow the tribes.  It was hopeless to try to deliver such a crippling blow with militia alone, and it was very difficult for the infant government to find enough money or men to equip an army composed exclusively of regulars.  Accordingly preparations were made for a campaign with a mixed force of regulars, special levies, and militia; and St. Clair, already Governor of the Northwestern Territory, was put in command of the army as Major-General.

    Rangers and Scouts are Raised.

Before the army was ready the Federal Government was obliged to take other measures for the defence of the border.  Small bodies of rangers were raised from among the frontier militia, being paid at the usual rate for soldiers in the army, a net sum of about two dollars a month while in service.  In addition, on the repeated and urgent request of the frontiersmen, a few of the most active hunters and best woodsmen, men like Brady, were enlisted as scouts, being paid six or eight times the ordinary rate.  These men, because of their skill in woodcraft and their thorough knowledge of Indian fighting, were beyond comparison more valuable than ordinary militia or regulars, and were prized very highly by the frontiersmen. [Footnote:  American State Papers, iv., 107, Jan. 5, 1791.]