or captured.  Robertson led pursuing parties after one or two of the bands, and recovered some plunder; and once or twice small marauding parties were met and scattered, with some loss, by the hunters.  But, on the whole, very little could be done at first to parry or revenge the strokes of the Indians. [Footnote:  Putnam, p. 107, talks as if the settlers were utterly unused to Indian warfare, saying that until the first murder occurred, in this spring, “few, if any” of them had ever gazed on the victim of scalping-knife and tomahawk.  This is a curiously absurd statement.  Many of the settlers were veteran Indian fighters.  Almost all of them had been born and brought up on the frontier, amid a succession of Indian wars.  It is, unfortunately, exceedingly difficult in Putnam’s book to distinguish the really valuable authentic information it contains from the interwoven tissue of matter written solely to suit his theory of dramatic effect.  He puts in with equal gravity the “Articles of Agreement” and purely fictitious conversations, jokes, and the like.  (See pp. 126, 144, and passim.)]

Horses and cattle had been brought into the new settlement in some number during the year; but the savages killed or drove off most of them, shooting the hogs and horned stock, and stealing the riding animals.  The loss of the milch cows in particular, was severely felt by the women.  Moreover, there were heavy freshets, flooding the low bottoms on which the corn had been planted, and destroying most of the crop.

These accumulated disasters wrought the greatest discouragement among the settlers.  Many left the country, and most of the remainder, when midsummer was past, began to urge that they should all go back in a body to the old settlements.  The panic became very great.  One by one the stockades were deserted, until finally all the settlers who remained were gathered in Nashborough and Freelands. [Footnote:  By some accounts there were also a few settlers left in Eaton’s Station; and Mansker’s was rarely entirely deserted for any length of time.] The Cumberland country would have been abandoned to the Indians, had Robertson not shown himself to be exactly the man for whom the crisis called.

Robertson was not a dashing, brilliant Indian fighter and popular frontier leader, like Sevier.  He had rather the qualities of Boon, with the difference that he was less a wandering hunter and explorer, and better fitted to be head of a settled community.  He was far-seeing, tranquil, resolute, unshaken by misfortune and disaster; a most trustworthy man, with a certain severe fortitude of temper.  All people naturally turned to him in time of panic, when the ordinarily bold and daring became cowed and confused.  The straits to which the settlers were reduced, and their wild clamor for immediate flight, the danger from the Indians, the death of his own son all combined failed to make him waver one instant in his purpose.  He strongly urged on the settlers the danger of flight