and to consider their population as composed in part of inferior elements; but in reality, though there are very marked differences between the two commonwealths of Kentucky and Tennessee, yet they resemble one another more closely, in blood and manners, than either does any other American State; and both have too just cause for pride to make it necessary for either to sneer at the other, or indeed at any State of our mighty Federal Union.  In their origin they were precisely alike; but whereas the original pioneers, the hunters and Indian fighters, kept possession of Tennessee as long as they lived,—­Jackson, at Sevier’s death, taking the latter’s place with even more than his power,—­in Kentucky, on the other hand, after twenty years’ rule, the first settlers were swamped by the great inrush of immigration, and with the defeat of Logan for governor the control passed into the hands of the same class of men that then ruled Virginia.  After that date the “tide-water” stock assumed an importance in Kentucky it never had in Tennessee; and of course the influence of the Scotch-Irish blood was greatly diminished.

Mr. Shaler’s error is trivial compared to that made by another and even more brilliant writer.  In the “History of the People of the United States,” by Professor McMaster (New York, 1887), p. 70, there is a mistake so glaring that it would not need notice, were it not for the many excellencies and wide repute of Professor McMaster’s book.  He says that of the immigrants to Kentucky, most had come “from the neighboring States of Carolina and Georgia,” and shows that this is not a mere slip of the pen, by elaborating the statement in the following paragraphs, again speaking of North and South Carolina and Georgia as furnishing the colonists to Kentucky.  This shows a complete misapprehension not only of the feeding-grounds of the western emigration, but of the routes it followed, and of the conditions of the southern States.  South Carolina furnished very few emigrants to Kentucky, and Georgia practically none; combined they probably did not furnish as many as New Jersey or Maryland.  Georgia was herself a frontier community; she received instead of sending out immigrants.  The bulk of the South Carolina emigration went to Georgia.

APPENDIX C—­TO CHAPTER VI.

OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE,
NASHVILLE, TENN., June 12, 1888.

Hon. THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
SAGAMORE HILL,
LONG ISLAND, N. Y.

DEAR SIR: 

I was born, “raised,” and have always lived in Washington County, E. Tenn.  Was born on the “head-waters” of “Boone’s Creek,” in said county.  I resided for several years in the “Boone’s Creek Civil District,” in Washington County (this some “twenty years ago"), within two miles of the historic tree in question, on which is carved, “D.  Boon cilled bar &c.”; have visited and examined the tree more than once.  The tree is a beech, still standing,