[202] Published in the Papers of the American Archaeological Institute, III.

[203] Works, in Hakluyt Soc.  Publ., London, 1847, II., 192.

[204] What Parkman says regarding the cruelty of the Indians perhaps applies also to their sexual morality, though to a less extent.  In speaking of the early missionary intercourse with the Indians he remarks (Jes in Can., 319): 

“In the wars of the next century we do not often find these examples of diabolic atrocity with which the earlier annals were crowded.  The savage burned his enemies alive still, it is true, but he rarely ate them; neither did he torment them with the same deliberation and persistency.  He was a savage still, but not so often a devil.  The improvement was not great, but it was distinct; and it seems to have taken place wherever Indian tribes were in close relations with any respectable community of white men.”

[205] Herrera relates (III., 340) that Nicaraguan fathers used to send out their daughters to roam the country and earn a marriage portion in a shameful way.

[206] See also the remarks of Dr. W.J.  Hoffmann regarding the dances of the Coyotero Apaches. U.S.  Geol. and Geogr.  Survey, Colorado, 1876, 464.

[207] Pizarro says (Relacion, 266) that “the virgins of the sun feigned to preserve virginity and to be chaste.  In this they lied, as they cohabited with the servants and guards of the Sun, who were numerous.”  Regarding Peruvians in general Pizarro (1570) and Cieza (Travels, 1532-40) agree that parents did not care about the conduct of their daughters, and Cieza speaks of the promiscuity at festivals.  Brinton (M.N.W., 149) is obliged to admit that “there is a decided indecency in the remains of ancient American art, especially in Peru, and great lubricity in many ceremonies.”

[208] Indian Rights Assoc., Philadelphia, 1885.

[209] Journ.  Anthrop.  Inst., 1892, 427.

[210] Indian Com.  Rep., 1854, p. 179.

[211] Bristol in Ind.  Aff.  Rep.  Spec.  Com., 1867, p. 357.

[212] Rep.  Com.  Ind.  Aff., 1892, p. 607.

[213] Even the wives of chiefs were treated no better than slaves.  Catlin himself tells us of the six wives of a Mandan chief who were “not allowed to speak, though they were in readiness to obey his orders.” (Smithson.  Rep.. 1885, Pt.  II., 458.)

[214] Such cruel treatment of women argues a total lack of sympathy in Indians, and without sympathy there can be no love.  The systematic manner in which sympathy is crushed among Indians I have described in a previous chapter.  Here let me add a few remarks by Theodore Roosevelt (I., 86) which coincide with what John Hance, the famous Arizona guide, told me: