If Desmond himself was slow to rise, the whole South of Ireland was in a state of wild tumult and excitement when the news of the actual arrival of Fitzmaurice and the legate became known.  Nor in the south alone.  In Connaught and the Pale the excitement was very little less.  Kildare, like Desmond, held back fearing the personal consequences of rebellion, but all the younger lords of the Pale were eager to throw in their lot with Fitzmaurice.  Alone amongst the Irishmen of his day, he possessed all the necessary qualifications of a leader.  He had already for years successfully resisted the English.  He was known to be a man of great courage and tenacity, and his reputation as a general stood deservedly high in the opinion of all his countrymen.

[Illustration:  CATHERINE, THE “OLD” COUNTESS OF DESMOND. (Reputed to have been killed at the age of 120 by a fall from a cherry tree.) (From the Burne Collection.)]

That extraordinary good fortune, however, which has so often befallen England at awkward moments, and never more conspicuously than during the closing years of the sixteenth century, did not fail now.  Fitzmaurice started for Connaught to encourage the insurrection which had been fast ripening there under the brutal rule of Sir Nicolas Malby, its governor.  A trumpery quarrel had recently broken out between the Desmonds and the Mayo Bourkes, and this insignificant affair sealed the fate of what at one moment promised to be the most formidable rebellion which had ever assailed the English power in Ireland.  At a place called Harrington’s Bridge, not far from Limerick, where the little river Muckern or Mulkearn was then crossed by a ford, Fitzmaurice was set upon by the Bourkes.  Only a few followers were with him at the time, and in turning to expostulate with one of his assailants, he was killed by a pistol shot, and fell from his horse.  This was upon the 18th of August, 1579.  From that moment the Desmond rising was doomed.

Desmond meanwhile still sat vacillating in his own castle of Askeaton, neither joining the rising, nor yet exerting himself vigorously to put it down.  Malby, who had newly arrived from Connaught, took steps to hasten his decision.  Ordering the earl to come to him, and the latter still hesitating, he marched against Askeaton, utterly destroyed the town up to the walls of the castle, burning everything in the neighbourhood, including the abbey and the tombs of the Desmonds, the castle itself only escaping through the lack of ammunition.

This hint seems to have sufficed.  Desmond was at last convinced that the time for temporizing was over.  He rose, and all Munster rose with him.  Ormond was still in London, and hurried over to find all in disorder.  Drury had lately died, and the only other English commander, Malby, was crippled for want of men, and had been obliged to retreat into Connaught.  The new deputy, Sir William Pelham, had just arrived, and he and Ormond now proceeded