It is under glass only that Grapes can be brought to perfection.  Here a night temperature of 55 to 65 degrees, with a rise of 5 or 10 degrees in the day, should be maintained, the walls and paths damped once or twice a day, and the vine syringed frequently until it comes into bloom, when syringing must cease, and a drier atmosphere is necessary; the moisture being reduced by degrees.  As the grapes ripen, admit more air, and reduce the heat, otherwise the fruit will shrivel.  After gathering the grapes syringe the vine frequently to clear it from spiders or dust, and keep the house cool to induce rest to the plant.  The fruit may be preserved for a long while in a good condition by cutting it with about 1 ft. of the rod attached, and inserting the cuttings in bottles of water in which a piece of charcoal is placed:  the bottles to be placed in racks nailed on to an upright post in any room or cellar where an equable temperature of 45 or 50 degrees can be kept up.  The system of pruning adopted is that known as spur pruning (see “Pruning").  Mrs. Pearson is a very fine variety, and produces very sweet berries; the Frontignan Grizzly Black and White are also delicious.

Grasses, Natural—­

AGROSTIS STOLONIFERA (Creeping Bent Grass).—­Useful for damp meadows.

ALOPECURUS PRATENSIS (Meadow Foxtail).—­Strong-growing and very nutritious.

ANTHOXANTHUM ODORATUM (True Sweet Vernal),—­Hardy and gives fragrance to hay.

AVENA FLAVESCENS (Yellow Oat Grass).—­Fine for sheep; grows freely on light soils.

CYNOSURUS CRISTATUS (Crested Dogstail).—­Suitable for any soil.

DACTYLIS GLOMERATA (Cocksfoot).—­Strong and coarse-growing; cattle are fond of it.

FESTUCA DURIUSCULA (Hard Fescue).—­Dwarf-growing; excellent for sheep.

FESTUCA ELATIOR (Tall Fescue).—­Useful for cold, strong soils.

FESTUCA OVINA (Sheep’s Fescue).—­Fine for dry, sandy soils.

FESTUCA OVINA TENUIFOLIA (Slender Fescue).—­Suitable for mountain pastures.

FESTUCA PRATENSIS (Meadow Fescue).—­Good permanent grass for rich, moist soil.

PHLEUM PRATENSE (Timothy, or Catstail).—­Suitable for strong soils; nutritious and hardy.

POA NEMORALIS (Wood Meadow Grass).—­Good for poor soils.

POA PRATENSIS (Smooth-stalked Meadow Grass).—­Grows well on light, dry soil, and also in water-meadows.

POA TRIVIALIS (Rough-stalked Meadow Grass).—­Fine for damp soil.

Grasses, Ornamental.—­Fine for mixing in a green state with cut flowers, or in a dried condition for the decoration of vases, winter bouquets, etc.  To have them in perfection gather them while quite fresh, with the pollen on them.  Cut with as long stems as possible, arrange lightly in vases, and keep them in the dark till they are dried and the stems become stiff.  The Grasses may be divided into two sections, viz., those for bouquets or edgings, and those grown in the border or on lawns for specimen plants.  The class is numerous, but the following (which may be found described herein under alphabetical classification) may be mentioned:—­