Salvia.—­Very showy flowers, well worth cultivating, and easily grown in a rich, light soil.  The annuals and biennials may be sown in the open early in spring.  The herbaceous kinds are increased by dividing the roots; the shrubby varieties by cuttings of the young wood planted under glass in March; while the stove species require to be placed in heat.  They flower in August in the open.  Heights vary, according to the kinds, but S. Coccinea and S. Patens, which are most commonly met with in gardens, grow to a height of 2 ft.

Sambucus (The Elder).—­Useful deciduous shrubs.  S. Nigra Aurea has golden foliage, and is suitable for town gardens.  The silvery variegated variety (Variegata), is fine for contrasting with others.  They may all be propagated by cuttings or by division.  Flower in June.

Sand Wort.—­See “Arenaria.”

Sanguinaria Canadensis (Bloodroot).—­A hardy perennial, curious both in leaf and flower.  It requires a light, sandy soil, shade, and moisture; is propagated by seed sown in July, also by division of the tuberous roots, and it blooms in March.  The tubers should be planted 5 in. deep and 3 in. apart.  Height, 6 in.

Santolina.—­This hardy evergreen shrub grows freely in any soil.  It flowers in July, and is increased by cuttings.  Height, 2 ft.

Sanvitalia.—­Interesting, hardy annual trailers, which may be readily raised from seed sown in March or April, and merely require ordinary treatment.  They produce their golden and brown and yellow flowers in July.  Height, 1 ft.

Saponaria.—­These grow best in a mixture of sandy loam and peat or decayed vegetable soil.  The annuals may be sown either in autumn, and wintered in a frame, or in the open in April.  The perennials are increased by seed or by division of the root, and young cuttings of the branching species root freely if planted under glass.  S. Ocymoides, on account of its trailing nature, and S. Calabrica make fine rock-work plants.  The leaves of S. Officinalis, or Soap Plant, if stirred in water form a lather strong enough to remove grease spots.  They bloom in June and July.  Height, 6 in. to 2 ft.

Sarracenia.—­Curious herbaceous plants, requiring to be grown in pots of rough peat, filled up with sphagnum moss, in a moderately cool house having a moist atmosphere.  They flower in June, and are increased by division.  Height, from 9 in. to 1 ft.

Sauromatum Guttatum.—­This makes a good window or cool greenhouse plant.  Pot the tuber in good loam and leaf-soil, and keep the mould only just damp until the foliage, which follows the flowers, appears.  When the foliage fails, keep the tubers dry till spring.  If grown out of doors the tubers must be lifted before frost sets in.

Savoys.—­Sow the seed in March or April, and when the plants are 2 in. high remove them to a nursery-bed, selecting the strongest first.  Let them remain till they are about 6 in. high, then transplant them, 18 in. apart, in well-manured soil.  Their flavour is greatly improved if they are frozen before being cut for use.