and cunning on the trail of their foes—­at the ‘council fire’ there is wisdom in their words.  Who counts more scalps than the Lenni Lenape warrior?—­he can never be conquered—­the stranger shall never dwell in his glades.’  Where now is the “Delaware of the hills?”—­gone!—­his very name is unknown in his own land, and not a vestige remains to tell that there once dwelt a great and powerful tribe.  When the white man falls, his high towers and lofty battlements are laid crumbling with the dust, yet these mighty ruins remain for ages, monuments of his former greatness:  but the Indian passes away, silent as the noiseless tread of the moccasin—­the next snow comes, and his “trail” is blotted out for ever.

I toiled across the Alleghanies, which are completely covered with timber, and passed on to a place within about thirty miles of Chambersburg, on a branch of the Potomac.  Here, coming in upon civilization, I took the stage to Baltimore.  In my pedestrian excursion the road lay for several miles along the banks of the Juniata, which is a very fine river.  The scenery is romantic, and is much beautified by a large growth of magnificent pines.  The Alleghany ridge is composed chiefly of sand-stone, clay-slate, and lime-stone-slate, sand-stone sometimes in large blocks.

I encountered several parties of French, Irish, Swiss, Bavarians, Dutch, &c. going westward, with swarms of children, and considerable quantities of household lumber:—­symptoms of seeking El dorado.

In the neighbourhood of Baltimore there are many handsome residences, and the farms are all well cleared, and in many cases walled in.  The number of comparatively miserable-looking cabins which are dispersed along the road near this town, and the long lists of crimes and misdemeanours with which the Journals of Baltimore and Philadelphia are filled, sufficiently indicate that these cities have arrived to an advanced state of civilization.  For, wherever there are very rich people, there must be very poor people; and wherever there are very poor people, there must necessarily exist a proportionate quantity of crime.  Men are poor, only because they are ignorant; for if they possessed a knowledge of their own powers and capabilities, they would then know, that however wealth may be distributed, all real wealth is created by labour, and by labour alone.

Baltimore is seated on the north side of the Patapsco river, within a few miles of the Chesapeak bay.  It received its name in compliment to the Irish family of the Calverts.  The harbour, at Fell Point, has about eighteen feet water, and is defended by a strong fort, called Mc Henry’s fort, on Observation Hill.  Vessels of large tonnage cannot enter the basin.  In 1791 it contained 13,503 inhabitants; in 1810, 46,487; and at present it contains 80,519.  There are many fine buildings and monuments in this city; and the streets in which business is not extensively transacted, are planted with Lombardy poplar, locust, and pride-of-china trees,—­the last mentioned especially afford a fine shade.