and purpose of either the cabal conspirators or the Border-Ruffian rank and file.  He had just dispatched a military force in another direction to intercept and disarm a raid about to be made by a detachment of Lane’s men, when news came to him that the Missourians were still moving upon Lawrence, in increased force, that his officers had not yet delivered his orders, and that skirmishing had begun between the outposts.

  [Sidenote] D.W.  Wilder, “Annals of Kansas,” p. 108.  Gihon, p. 152.

Menaced thus with dishonor on one side and contempt on the other, he gathered all his available Federal troops, and hurrying forward posted them between Lawrence and the invaders.  Then he went to the Missouri camp, where the true condition of affairs began to dawn upon him.  All the Border-Ruffian chiefs were there, headed by Atchison in person, who was evidently the controlling spirit, though a member of the Legislature of the State of Missouri, named Reid, exercised nominal command.  He found his orders unheeded and on every hand mutterings of impatience and threats of defiance.  These invading aliens had not the least disposition to receive commands as Kansas militia; they invoked that name only as a cloak to shield them from the legal penalties due their real character as organized banditti.

The Governor called the chiefs together and made them an earnest harangue.  He explained to them his conciliatory policy, read his instructions from Washington, affirmed his determination to keep peace, and appealed personally to Atchison to aid him in enforcing law and preserving order.  That wily chief, seeing that refusal would put him in the attitude of a law-breaker, feigned a ready compliance, and he and Reid, his factotum commander, made eloquent speeches “calculated to produce submission to the legal demands made upon them."[14] Some of the lesser captains, however, were mutinous, and treated the Governor to choice bits of Border-Ruffian rhetoric.  Law and violence vibrated in uncertain balance, when Colonel Cooke, commanding the Federal troops, took the floor and cut the knot of discussion in a summary way.  “I felt called upon to say some words myself,” he writes naively, “appealing to these militia officers as an old resident of Kansas and friend to the Missourians to submit to the patriotic demand that they should retire, assuring them of my perfect confidence in the inflexible justice of the Governor, and that it would become my painful duty to sustain him at the cannon’s mouth."[15] This argument was decisive.  The border chiefs felt willing enough to lead their awkward squads against the slight barricades of Lawrence, but quailed at the unlooked-for prospect of encountering the carbines and sabers of half a regiment of regular dragoons and the grape-shot of a well-drilled light battery.  They accepted the inevitable; and swallowing their rage but still nursing their revenge, they consented perforce to retire and be “honorably” mustered out.  But for this narrow contingency Lawrence would have been sacked a second time by the direct agency of the territorial cabal.