where the spring wells forth, and hence the name of the river, Marsyas.  It was on this site that Xerxes, as tradition tells, built this very palace, as well as the citadel of Celaenae itself, on his retreat from Hellas, after he had lost the famous battle.  Here Cyrus remained for thirty days, during which Clearchus the Lacedaemonian arrived with one thousand hoplites and eight hundred Thracian peltasts and two hundred Cretan archers.  At the same time, also, came Sosis the Syracusian with three thousand hoplites, and Sophaenetus the Arcadian[6] with one thousand hoplites; and here Cyrus held a review, and numbered his Hellenes in the park, and found that they amounted in all to eleven thousand hoplites and about two thousand peltasts.

[2] The Persian “farsang” = 30 stades, nearly 1 league, 3 1/2 statute
    miles, though not of uniform value in all parts of Asia.

[3] “Two plethra”:  the plethron = about 101 English feet.

[4] Lit. “inhabited,” many of the cities of Asia being then as now
    deserted, but the suggestion is clearly at times “thickly
    inhabited,” “populous.”

[5] Lit. “paradise,” an oriental word = park or pleasure ground.

[6] Perhaps this should be Agias the Arcadian, as Mr. Macmichael
    suggests.  Sophaenetus has already been named above.

From this place he continued his march two stages—­ten parasangs—­to 10 the populous city of Peltae, where he remained three days; while Xenias, the Arcadian, celebrated the Lycaea[7] with sacrifice, and instituted games.  The prizes were headbands of gold; and Cyrus himself was a spectator of the contest.  From this place the march was continued two stages—­twelve parasangs—­to Ceramon-agora, a populous city, the last on the confines of Mysia.  Thence a march of three stages—­thirty parasangs—­brought him to Caystru-pedion[8], a populous city.  Here Cyrus halted five days; and the soldiers, whose pay was now more than three months in arrear, came several times to the palace gates demanding their dues; while Cyrus put them off with fine words and expectations, but could not conceal his vexation, for it was not his fashion to stint payment, when he had the means.  At this point Epyaxa, the wife of Syennesis, the king of the Cilicians, arrived on a visit to Cyrus; and it was said that Cyrus received a large gift of money from the queen.  At this date, at any rate, Cyrus gave the army four months’ pay.  The queen was accompanied by a bodyguard of Cilicians and Aspendians; and, if report speaks truly, Cyrus had intimate relations with the queen.

[7] The Lycaea, an Arcadian festival in honour of Zeus {Arcaios}, akin
    to the Roman Lupercalia, which was originally a shepherd festival,
    the introduction of which the Romans ascribe to the Arcadian
    Evander.

[8] Lit. “plain of the Cayster,” like Ceramon-agora, “the market of
    the Ceramians” above, the name of a town.