[Sidenote:  Caesar’s treatment of Domitius.]

After a brief siege the city was taken, and Domitius and his army were made prisoners.  Every body gave them up for lost, expecting that Caesar would wreak terrible vengeance upon them.  Instead of this, he received the troops at once into his own service, and let Domitius go free.

[Sidenote:  Dismay at Rome.] [Sidenote:  Pompey’s distress.]

In the mean time, the tidings of Caesar’s having passed the Rubicon, and of the triumphant success which he was meeting with at the commencement of his march toward Rome, reached the Capitol, and added greatly to the prevailing consternation.  The reports of the magnitude of his force and of the rapidity of his progress were greatly exaggerated.  The party of Pompey and the Senate had done every thing to spread among the people the terror of Caesar’s name, in order to arouse them to efforts for opposing his designs; and now, when he had broken through the barriers which had been intended to restrain him, and was advancing toward the city in an unchecked and triumphant career, they were overwhelmed with dismay.  Pompey began to be terrified at the danger which was impending.  The Senate held meetings without the city—­councils of war, as it were, in which they looked to Pompey in vain for protection from the danger which he had brought upon them.  He had said that he could raise an army sufficient to cope with Caesar at any time by stamping with his foot.  They told him they thought now that it was high time for him to stamp.

[Sidenote:  He leaves Rome.]

In fact, Pompey found the current setting every where strongly against him.  Some recommended that commissioners should be sent to Caesar to make proposals for peace.  The leading men, however, knowing that any peace made with him under such circumstances would be their own ruin, resisted and defeated the proposal.  Cato abruptly left the city and proceeded to Sicily, which had been assigned him as his province.  Others fled in other directions.  Pompey himself, uncertain what to do, and not daring to remain, called upon all his partisans to join him, and set off at night, suddenly, and with very little preparation and small supplies, to retreat across the country toward the shores of the Adriatic Sea, His destination was Brundusium, the usual port of embarkation for Macedon and Greece.

[Sidenote:  Enthusiasm of Caesar’s soldiers.]

Caesar was all this time gradually advancing toward Rome.  His soldiers were full of enthusiasm in his cause.  As his connection with the government at home was sundered the moment he crossed the Rubicon, all supplies of money and of provisions were cut off in that quarter until he should arrive at the Capitol and take possession of it.  The soldiers voted, however, that they would serve him without pay.  The officers, too, assembled together, and tendered him the aid of their contributions.  He had always observed a very generous policy in his dealings with them, and he was now greatly gratified at receiving their requital of it.