object and self-consciousness coincide. The object
of any subject is nothing else than the subject’s
own nature taken objectively. God is like our
thoughts and dispositions; consciousness of God is
self-consciousness, knowledge of God is self-knowledge.
Religion is the unveiling of a man’s hidden treasures,
the revelation of his intimate thoughts, the open confession
of his love secrets. It is to the understanding
Feuerbach attributes man’s capacity for objectifying
himself or of attributing to the outward world those
qualities which really exist only within. Man’s
consciousness of God is nothing else than his consciousness
of his species. “Man has his highest being,
his God, in himself; not in himself as an individual,
but in his essential nature, his species. No
individual is an adequate representative of his species,
but only the human individual is conscious of the distinction
between the species and the individual. In the
sense of this distinction lies the root of religion.
The yearning of man after something above himself is
nothing else than the longing after the perfect type
of his nature, the yearning to be free from himself,
i.e., from the limits and defects of his individuality.
Individuality is the self-conditioning, the self-limitation
of the species. Thus man has cognizance of nothing
above himself, of nothing beyond the nature of humanity;
but to the individual man this nature presents itself
under the form of an individual man. All feelings
which man experiences towards a superior man, nay,
in general, all moral feelings which man has towards
man, are of a religious nature. Man feels nothing
towards God which he does not also feel towards man.”
The dogmas of Christianity are interpreted by Feuerbach
from this standpoint of conceiving religion as a projection
of feeling upon the outward world. So he explains
the incarnation as man’s love for man, man’s
yearning to help his fellows, the renunciation and
suffering man undergoes for man. The passion
of Christ represents freely accepted suffering for
others in love of them. The trinity typifies
the participated, social life of the species; it shows
the father, mother and son as the symbols of the race.
The logos or son is the nature of the imagination
made objective, the satisfaction of the need for mental
images, the reflected splendor of the imagination.
Faith in providence is faith in one’s own worth;
it indicates the divine reality and significance of
our own being. Prayer is an expression of the
power of feeling, a dialogue of man with his own heart.
Faith is confidence in the reality of the subjective
in opposition to the limitations or laws of nature
and reason. Its specific object is miracle; faith
and miracle are absolutely inseparable. That
which is objectively miracle is subjectively faith.
Faith is the miracle of feeling; it is nothing else
than belief in the absolute reality of subjectivity.
The power of miracle is the power of the imagination,