[38] Paulus, ii, 19, 2.

[39] Ulpian, 24, 17.

[40] Cf.  Ulpian, Tit., vi, 6:  Divortio facto, si quidem sui juris sit muller, ipsa habet rei uxoriae actionem, id est, dotis repetitionem; quodsi in potestate patris sit, pater adiuncta filiae persona habet actionem.

The technical recognition of the father’s power was still strong.  Cf.  Pliny, Panegyricus, 38:  Tu quidem, Caesar ... intuitus, opinor, vim legemque naturae, quae semper in dicione parentum esse liberos iussit.  The same writer, on requesting Trajan to give citizenship to the children of a certain freedman, is careful to add the specification that they are to remain in their father’s power—­see Pliny to Trajan, xi (vi).

[41] Paulus, vi, 15.  Codex, v, 4, 11, and 17, 5.

[42] Paulus, in Dig., 23, 3, 28.  Codex, v, 13, 1, and 18, 1.

[43] Codex, v, 17, 5.

[44] Salvius Julianus:  Frag.  Perp.  Ed.:  Pars Prima, vii—­under “De is qui notantur infamia.”

[45] Codex, 8, 46 (47), 5.

[46] Aulus Gellius, iv, 4.

[47] Juvenal, vi, 200-203.  Gaius in Dig., 24, 2, 2.  Ulpian, ibid., 23, I, 10.  Codex, v, 17, 2, and v, I, I.

[48] Codex, v, 3, 2.

[49] Dig., 3, 2, 1.

[50] Ulpian in Dig., 47, 10, 24.

[51] Cf.  Alexander Severus in Codex, viii, 38, 2:  Libera matrimonia esse antiquitus placuit, etc.  Also Codex, v, 4, 8 and 14.

[52] Modestinus in Dig., xxiii, 2, 1.

[53] Gaius, ii, 159.

[54] Paulus, ii, xx, 1.

[55] Note the rescript of Alexander Severus to a certain Aquila (Codex, ii, 18, 13):  Quod in uxorem tuam aegram erogasti, non a socero repetere, sed adfectioni tuae debes expendere.

[56] See, e.g., Dig., 47, 10, and Ulpian, ibid., 48, 14, 27.

[57] Cf.  Gaius, i, 141:  In summa admonendi sumus, adversus eos, quos in mancipio habemus, nihil nobis contumeliose facere licere; alioquin iniuriarum (actione) tenebimur.

[58] Paulus, i, 21, 13.

[59] Paulus, i, 21, 14.

[60] Codex, ii, 11, 15

[61] Paulus in Dig., iii, 2, 9.

[62] Aulus Gellius, xvii, 6, speech of Cato:  Principio vobis mulier magnam dotem adtulit; tum magnam pecuniam recipit, quam in viri potestatem non committit, ean pecuniam viro mutuam dat; postea, ubi irata facta est, servum recepticum sectari atque flagitare virum iubet.

[63] Paulus in Dig., 23, 3, 2.

[64] Pomponius in Dig., 24, 3, 1.

[65] Ulpian in Dig., 23, 3, 7.

[66] Tryfoninus in Dig., 23, 3, 75.

[67] Gaius, ii, 63.  Paulus, ii, 21b.

[68] E.g.  Juvenal, vi, 136-141.  Martial, viii, 12.

[69] Apuleius Apologia, 523:  Pleraque tamen rei familiaris in nomen uxoris callidissima fraude confert, etc.; id., 545, 546 proves further the power of the wife:  ea condicione factam conjunctionem, si nullis a me susceptis liberis vita demigrasset, ut dos omnis, etc.—­evidently the woman was dictating the disposal of her dowry.