with several small holes in the skin, and the lower portion of the stern framing was broken off, leaving the rudder post to hang down unsupported at its extremity.  It would strike one on looking at these gaping wounds that it would be nearly impossible to place the Ulunda in an efficient condition again, but the work of renewing the damaged plates is being carried out at a great rate, and in three months’ time it is hoped that all the repairs necessary will be completed and the ship once more doing her duty.  She has already cost her owners some $10,000, and $40,000 are estimated to cover all future repairs.

The foremast was snapped off in a somewhat novel manner.  She was pivoted on the rocks by her bows, and at high tide, the day after she struck, a breeze sprang up and turned her round; the tide sinking again, the whole weight of the ship came on the bottom of the ship where she was then touching, namely, just on the spot where the foremost was stepped, and right astern, leaving the center portion of the ship unsupported.  This caused the foremast to rise, and it being held down by wire rigging, it snapped in several places, at the same time tearing up the shrouds from the deck.  This accounts also for the arch-like bulge in the bottom at that spot and for the damages astern; also for the fact that Captain Kelly discovered the ship with her head to sea.

Another incident happened when the ship was just rising off the rocks, which nearly resulted in a catastrophe.  When the ship was just beginning to lift, the leak in No. 3 compartment was found to be gaining on its pump.  A diver was at once sent down to ascertain the cause, and he found that a small hole, about 6 inches square, had been punctured in the skin, which until then had been kept tight by the rock that had caused it.  It was necessary to close this leak at once.  An iron bolt, which was screwed for a nut at one end, was obtained and passed through a strong piece of wood about 2 feet square.  The inside of this board was cushioned with canvas and oakum, and it was taken down outside the ship by the diver and placed over the hole, with the feathered end of the bolt sticking through the hole; the diver was then sent down inside the hold, and with a nut set up the whole cushion until the flow of water was stopped.  The leak was thus stopped which had threatened the arrangements for floating the ship with failure.

It has been seen that the method of raising the Ulunda was very simple.  She was floated off by the rising tide.  If there had been only a small instead of an 18 foot rise, some other mode would have to have been adopted.  No attempt was made to stop any of the leaks, except the one just stated, but a deck above the lacerations was made water-tight, and this, together with the sides of the ship hanging down, formed a kind of diving bell, the pressure of air in which, caused by the water outside, acting on this deck, being the principal means of buoying up the ship, assisted by the buoyancy of the two water-tight compartments.  The deck afterward built was only necessary for the safety of the ship, she being able to float without it; but it would have been suicidal to trust the ship on the Atlantic in the state she was in when raised, since with any swell on, the compressed air would escape and its place be taken by water, the buoyancy necessary for keeping her afloat being thus lost.