In introducing Lieut.  Greely, Sir Henry Lefroy, referring to the persistence of purpose shown by his party in bringing back the pendulum apparatus, remarked that there was nothing nobler in the annals of scientific heroism than the determination of these hungry men to drag the cumbersome box along their weary way.

It was fully two minutes after rising before Lieut.  Greely could speak, so great was the outburst of enthusiasm which greeted him.  He remarked that he was surprised to learn that the ground did not thaw lower at Lieut.  Ray’s station, which was ten degrees farther south than his own, where the ground thawed to a much greater depth—­namely, twenty to thirty feet.  In regard to an open polar sea, he differed from Lieut.  Ray.  He did not believe there was a navigable sea at the pole, but he was of the opinion that there was open water somewhere about.

The geographical work of the Lady Franklin Bay expedition covers nearly three degrees of latitude and over forty degrees of longitude.  Starting from latitude 81 deg. 44 min. and longitude 84 deg. 45 min., Lieut.  Lockwood reached, May 18, 1882, on the north coast of Greenland, latitude 83 deg. 24 min. and longitude 40 deg. 46 min.  From the same starting point he reached to the southwest, in May, 1883, Greely Fiord, an inlet of the Western Polar Ocean, latitude 80 deg. 48 min. and longitude 78 deg. 26 min.  This journey to the northward resulted in the addition to our charts of a new coast line of nearly 100 miles beyond the farthest point seen by Lieut.  Beaumont, R.N.  It also carried Greenland over 400 miles northward, giving that continent a much greater extension in that direction than it had generally been credited with.

In a subsequent speech he took occasion to say that a fact had surprised him.  It was the discovery that when the tide was flowing from the North Pole it was found by his observations that the water was warmer than when flowing in the opposite direction.  He took the trouble to have prepared an elaborate set of observations showing this wonderful phenomenon, which would eventually be published.  To him these pecularities were unexplainable, and be hoped that the observations would be studied by his hearers, and some explanation found in regard to the thermometric observations of the expedition.  He remarked that the mean temperature for the year of the hourly observations was 5 degrees below zero, which justified him in saying his station was the coldest point of earth ever reached.

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DIAMOND MINING IN BRAZIL.