chieftain, and was murdered at Hayle.  The beautiful font is thought to be a relic from the former chapel.  A fifteenth-century cross has been dug up in the churchyard and re-erected.  On the island is a little building which is thought to be the remains of one of St. Ivo’s chapels.  There is also a fort of Cornu-British origin, and a grass-covered battery on the hill, whose green slopes are covered with fishing-nets.  Half-way across the bay the river Hayle enters the sea, and at the furthest extremity is Godrevy Point with its lighthouse.

St. Ives became an important town in the time of Edward III., and its present church was erected in Henry VI.’s reign.  Perkin Warbeck from Ireland and the Duke of Monmouth from Holland each landed at St. Ives on their ill-fated ventures.

During recent years St. Ives and the neighbouring fishing villages have attracted numerous artists of considerably varying merit, and an exhibition of the Royal Academy is now almost certain to contain at least one picturesque glimpse of the place.

[Illustration:  Photochrom Co., Ltd.

ST. IVES.

A quaint little Cornish fishing village.]

BAMBOROUGH CASTLE, NORTHUMBERLAND

=How to get there.=—­Train from King’s Cross.  Great Northern Rly. =Nearest Station.=—­Belford (4-1/2 miles from Bamborough). =Distance from London.=—­393 miles. =Average Time.=—­About 9 hours.

                     1st 2nd 3rd
=Fares.=—­Single 43s. 11d. ... 26s. 11d. 
          Return 87s. 10d. ... 33s. 10d.

=Accommodation Obtainable.=—­ =Alternative Route.=—­Train from St. Pancras to Belford (Midland
  Railway) via Newcastle-on-Tyne.

Standing on an almost perpendicular mass of basaltic rock, overlooking the sea at a height of 150 feet, is Bamborough Castle.  The stately keep belongs to the original stronghold, which was built on the site of what was probably one of a chain of fortresses raised by the Romans for the protection of the coast.  For many centuries the castle was possessed of great strength, and was frequently used as a place of refuge by the Kings and Earls of Northumberland.  It was founded by Ida, king of the Angles, about A.D. 547, and suffered considerably at the hands of the Danes in 933.  Earlier than this, however, in the seventh century, Bamborough was besieged by Penda, the pagan king of Mercia, who, although having recently gained several victories, made great efforts to burn down the castle.  Having set his men to work to accumulate a great mass of brushwood, Penda had huge piles heaped up beneath the walls.  As soon as the wind was in the right quarter he set alight the brushwood.  Shortly afterwards, however, the wind veered round until it blew in the opposite direction, to the discomfiture of his own people, who were thus obliged to abandon their camp.

Afterwards the castle was repaired again, and was besieged by William II. when Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland, took refuge there.  During the Wars of the Roses Bamborough was frequently captured and recaptured, and in the various sieges suffered very severely.