Him all our natural infirmities, but none of our sinful, has been seen to weep, to be sorrowful, to pity, and to be angry:  which shows that there might be gall in a dove, passion without sin, fire without smoke, and motion without disturbance.  For it is not bare agitation, but the sediment at the bottom, that troubles and defiles the water; and when we see it windy and dusty, the wind does not (as we used to say) make, but only raise a dust.

Now, tho the schools reduce all the passions to these two heads, the concupiscible and the irascible appetite, yet I shall not tie myself to an exact prosecution of them under this division; but at this time, leaving both their terms and their method to themselves, consider only the principal and noted passions, from whence we may take an estimate of the rest.

And first for the grand leading affection of all, which is love.  This is the great instrument and engine of nature, the bond and cement of society, the spring and spirit of the universe.  Love is such an affection as can not so properly be said to be in the soul as the soul to be in that.  It is the whole man wrapt up into one desire; all the powers, vigor, and faculties of the soul abridged into one inclination.  And it is of that active, restless nature that it must of necessity exert itself; and, like the fire to which it is so often compared, it is not a free agent, to choose whether it will heat or no, but it streams forth by natural results and unavoidable emanations.  So that it will fasten upon any inferior, unsuitable object, rather than none at all.  The soul may sooner leave off to subsist than to love; and, like the vine, it withers and dies if it has nothing to embrace.  Now this affection, in the state of innocence, was happily pitched upon its right object; it flamed up in direct fervors of devotion to God, and in collateral emissions of charity to its neighbor.  It was not then only another and more cleanly name for lust.  It had none of those impure heats that both represent and deserve hell.  It was a vestal and a virgin fire, and differed as much from that which usually passes by this name nowadays as the vital heat from the burning of a fever.

Then for the contrary passion of hatred.  This we know is the passion of defiance, and there is a kind of aversation and hostility included in its very essence and being.  But then (if there could have been hatred in the world when there was scarce anything odious) it would have acted within the compass of its proper object; like aloes, bitter indeed, but wholesome.  There would have been no rancor, no hatred of our brother:  an innocent nature could hate nothing that was innocent.  In a word, so great is the commutation that the soul then hated only that which now only it loves, that is, sin.