and ingenuity were applied to trifling ends was the
same author’s Garden of Cyrus; or, the Quincuncial
Lozenge or Network Plantations of the Ancients,
in which a mystical meaning is sought in the occurrence
throughout nature and art of the figure of the quincunx
or lozenge. Browne was a physician of Norwich,
where his library, museum, aviary, and botanic garden
were thought worthy of a special visit by the Royal
Society. He was an antiquary and a naturalist,
and deeply read in the school-men and the Christian
Fathers. He was a mystic, and a writer of a rich
and peculiar imagination, whose thoughts have impressed
themselves upon many kindred minds, like Coleridge,
De Quincey, and Emerson. Two of his books belong
to literature, Religio Medici, published in
1642, and Hydriotaphia; or, Urn Burial, 1658,
a discourse upon rites of burial and incremation,
suggested by some Roman funeral urns dug up in Norfolk.
Browne’s style, though too highly latinized,
is a good example of Commonwealth prose; that stately,
cumbrous, brocaded prose which had something of the
flow and measure of verse, rather than the quicker,
colloquial movement of modern writing. Browne
stood aloof from the disputes of his time, and in his
very subjects there is a calm and meditative remoteness
from the daily interests of men. His Religio
Medici is full of a wise tolerance and a singular
elevation of feeling. “At the sight of a
cross, or crucifix, I can dispense with my hat, but
scarce with the thought or memory of my Saviour.”
“They only had the advantage of a bold and noble
faith who lived before his coming.” “They
go the fairest way to heaven that would serve God
without a hell.” “All things are artificial,
for nature is the art of God.” The last
chapter of the Urn Burial is an almost rhythmical
descant on mortality and oblivion. The style kindles
slowly into a somber eloquence. It is the most
impressive and extraordinary passage in the prose
literature of the time. Browne, like Hamlet, loved
to “consider too curiously.” His subtlety
led him to “pose his apprehension with those
involved enigmas and riddles of the Trinity—with
incarnation and resurrection;” and to start odd
inquiries: “what song the Syrens sang,
or what name Achilles assumed when he hid himself
among women;” or whether, after Lazarus was raised
from the dead, “his heir might lawfully detain
his inheritance.” The quaintness of his
phrase appears at every turn. “Charles the
Fifth can never hope to live within two Methuselahs
of Hector.” “Generations pass while
some trees stand, and old families survive not three
oaks.” “Mummy is become merchandise;
Mizraim cures wounds, and Pharaoh is sold for balsams.”