OBS. 4.—­The adverbs here, there, and where, when compounded with prepositions, have the force of pronouns, or of pronominal adjectives:  as, Hereby, for by this; thereby, for by that; whereby, for by which, or by what.  The prepositions which may be subjoined in this manner, are only the short words, at, by, for, from, in, into, of, on, to, unto, under, upon, and with.  Compounds of this kind, although they partake of the nature of pronouns with respect to the nouns going before, are still properly reckoned adverbs, because they relate as such to the verbs which follow them; as, “You take my life, when you do take the means whereby I live.”—­Shak.  Here whereby is a conjunctive adverb, representing means, and relating to the verb live.[309] This mode of expression is now somewhat antiquated, though still frequently used by good authors, and especially by the poets.

OBS. 5—­The adverbs, when, where, whither, whence, how, why, wherefore, wherein, whereof, whereby, and other like compounds of where, are sometimes used as interrogatives; but, as such, they still severally belong to the classes under which they are placed in the foregoing distribution, except that words of interrogation are not at the same time connectives.  These adverbs, and the three pronouns, who, which, and what, are the only interrogative words in the language; but questions may be asked without any of them, and all have other uses than to ask questions.

OBS. 6.—­The conjunctive adverbs, when, where, whither, whence, how, and why, are sometimes so employed as to partake of the nature of pronouns, being used as a sort of special relatives, which refer back to antecedent nouns of time, place, manner, or cause, according to their own respective meanings; yet being adverbs, because they relate as such, to the verbs which follow them:  as, “In the day when God shall judge the secrets of men.”—­Rom., ii, 16.  “In a time when thou mayest be found.”—­Psal., xxxii, 6.  “I sought for some time what I at length found here, a place where all real wants might be easily supplied.”—­Dr. Johnson.  “To that part of the mountain where the declivity began to grow craggy.”—­Id. “At Canterbury, whither some voice had run before.”—­Wotton.  “Look unto the rock whence ye are hewn, and to the hole of the pit whence ye are digged.”—­Isaiah, li, 1.  “We may remark three different sources whence it arises.”—­Blair’s Rhet., p. 163.  “I’ll tell you a way how you may live your time over again.”—­Collier’s Antoninus, p. 108.  “A crude account of the method how they perceive truth.”—­Harris’s Hermes, p. 404.  “The order how the Psalter is appointed to be read.”—­Common