2.  Of affirmation or assent; as, Yes, yea, ay, verily, truly, indeed, surely, certainly, doubtless, undoubtedly, assuredly, certes, forsooth,[308] amen.

3.  Of negation; as, No, nay, not, nowise, noway, noways, nohow.

4.  Of doubt or uncertainty; as, Perhaps, haply, possibly, perchance, peradventure, may-be.

5.  Of mode or way; as, Thus, so, how, somehow, nohow, anyhow, however, howsoever, like, else, otherwise, across, together, apart, asunder, namely, particularly, necessarily, hesitatingly, trippingly, extempore, headlong, lengthwise.

V. Conjunctive adverbs are those which perform the office of conjunctions, and serve to connect sentences, as well as to express some circumstance of time, place, degree, or the like.  This class embraces a few words not strictly belonging to any of the others:  as, (1.) The adverbs of cause; why, wherefore, therefore; but the last two of these are often called conjunctions. (2.) The pronominal compounds; herein, therein, wherein, &c.; in which the former term is a substitute, and virtually governed by the enclitic particle.

OBSERVATIONS.

OBS. 1.—­Conjunctive adverbs often relate equally to two verbs in different clauses, on which account it is the more necessary to distinguish them from others; as, “And they feared when they heard that they were Romans,”—­Acts, xvi, 38.  Here when is a conjunctive adverb of time, and relates equally to feared and to heard.  “The right of coming on the shore for their purposes in general, as and when they please.”—­Holroyd.  Here as is a conjunctive adverb of manner, and when, of time; both relating equally to coming and to please.

OBS. 2.—­The following words are the most frequently used as conjunctive adverbs:  after, again, also, as, before, besides, consequently, else, ere, even, furthermore, hence, how, however, moreover, nevertheless, otherwise, since, so, still, till, then, thence, therefore, too, until, when, where, wherefore, whither, and while, or whilst.

OBS. 3.—­Adverbs of time, place, and manner, are generally connected with verbs or participles; those of degree are more frequently placed before adjectives or adverbs:  the latter, however, sometimes denote the measure of actions or effects; as, “And I wept much”—­Rev., v, 4.  “And Isaac trembled very exceedingly”—­Gen., xxvii, 33.  “Writers who had felt less, would have said more”—­Fuller.

   “Victors and vanquished, in the various field,
    Nor wholly overcome, nor wholly yield.”—­Dryden.