strived or striven. 
Strow, strowed, strowing, strowed or strown. 
Sweat, sweated or sweat, sweating, sweated or sweat. 
Sweep, swept or sweeped, sweeping, swept or sweeped. 
Swell, swelled, swelling, swelled or swollen. 
Thrive, thrived or throve, thriving, thrived or thriven. 
Throw, threw or throwed, throwing, thrown or throwed. 
Wake, waked or woke, waking, waked or woke. 
Wax, waxed, waxing, waxed or waxen. 
Weave, wove or weaved, weaving, woven or weaved. 
Wed, wedded or wed, wedding, wedded or wed. 
Weep, wept or weeped, weeping, wept or weeped. 
Wet, wet or wetted, wetting, wet or wetted. 
Whet, whetted or whet, whetting, whetted or whet.[295]
Wind, wound or winded, winding, wound or winded. 
Wont, wont or wonted, wonting, wont or wonted. 
Work, worked or wrought, working, worked or wrought. 
Wring, wringed or wrung, wringing, wringed or wrung.[296]

DEFECTIVE VERBS.

A defective verb is a verb that forms no participles, and is used in but few of the moods and tenses; as, beware, ought, quoth.

OBSERVATIONS.

OBS. 1.  When any of the principal parts of a verb are wanting, the tenses usually derived from those parts are also, of course, wanting.  All the auxiliaries, except do, be, and have, if we compare them with other verbs, are defective; but, as auxiliaries, they lack nothing; for no complete verb is used throughout as an auxiliary, except be.  And since an auxiliary differs essentially from a principal verb, the propriety of referring may, can, must, and shall, to the class of defective verbs, is at least questionable.  In parsing there is never any occasion to call them defective verbs, because they are always taken together with their principals.  And though we may technically say, that their participles are “wanting,” it is manifest that none are needed.

OBS. 2. Will is sometimes used as a principal verb, and as such it is regular and complete; will, willed, willing, willed:  as, “His Majesty willed that they should attend.”—­Clarendon.  “He wills for them a happiness of a far more exalted and enduring nature.”—­Gurney.  “Whether thou willest it to be a minister to our pleasure.”—­Harris.