blend, bless, burn, dive, dream, dress, geld, kneel, lean, leap, learn, mean, mulct, pass, pen, plead, prove, reave, smell, spell, stave, stay, sweep, wake, whet, wont.  Crombie’s list contains the auxiliaries, which properly belong to a different table.  Erroneous as it is, in all these things, and more, it is introduced by the author with the following praise, in bad English:  “Verbs, which depart from this rule, are called Irregular, of which I believe the subsequent enumeration to be nearly complete.”—­TREATISE ON ETYM.  AND SYNT., p. 192.

OBS. 12.—­Dr. Johnson, in his Grammar of the English Tongue, recognizes two forms which would make teach and reach redundant.  But teached is now “obsolete,” and rought is “old,” according to his own Dictionary.  Of loaded and loaden, which he gives as participles of load, the regular form only appears to be now in good use.  For the redundant forms of many words in the foregoing list, as of abode or abided, awaked or awoke, besought or beseeched, caught or catched, hewed or hewn, mowed or mown, laded or laden, seethed or sod, sheared or shore, sowed or sown, waked or woke, wove or weaved, his authority may be added to that of others already cited.  In Dearborn’s Columbian Grammar, published in Boston in 1795, the year in which Lindley Murray’s Grammar first appeared in York, no fewer than thirty verbs are made redundant, which are not so represented by Murray.  Of these I have retained nineteen in the following list, and left the other eleven to be now considered always regular.  The thirty are these:  “bake, bend, build, burn, climb, creep, dream, fold, freight, geld, heat, heave, help, lay, leap, lift, light, melt, owe, quit, rent, rot, seethe, spell, split, strive, wash, weave, wet, work.”  See Dearborn’s Gram., p. 37-45.

LIST OF THE REDUNDANT VERBS.

Imperfect Present.  Preterit.  Participle.  Perfect Participle.

Abide, abode or abided, abiding, abode or abided. 
Awake, awaked or awoke, awaking, awaked or awoke. 
Belay, belayed or belaid, belaying, belayed or belaid. 
Bend, bent or bended, bending, bent or bended. 
Bereave, bereft or bereaved, bereaving, bereft or bereaved. 
Beseech, besought or beseeched, beseeching, besought or beseeched. 
Bet, betted or bet, betting, betted or bet. 
Betide, betided or betid, betiding, betided or betid. 
Bide, bode or bided, biding, bode or bided.