OBS. 37.—­But when the verb ends in a sound which will not unite with that of st or s, the second and third persons are formed by adding est and es; or, if the first person end in mute e, the st and s render that e vocal; so that the verb acquires an additional syllable:  as, I trace, thou tracest, he traces; I pass, thou passest, he passes; I fix, thou fixest, he fixes; I preach, thou preachest, he preaches; I blush, thou blushest, he blushes; I judge, thou judgest, he judges.  But verbs ending in o or y preceded by a consonant, do not exactly follow either of the foregoing rules.  In these, y is changed into i; and, to both o and i, est and es are added without increase of syllables:  as, I go, thou goest, he goes; I undo, thou undoest,[253] he undoes; I fly, thou fliest, he flies; I pity, thou pitiest, he pities.  Thus, in the following lines, goest must be pronounced like ghost; otherwise, we spoil the measure of the verse: 

   “Thou goest not now with battle, and the voice
    Of war, as once against the rebel hosts;
    Thou goest a Judge, and findst the guilty bound;
    Thou goest to prove, condemn, acquit, reward.”—­Pollok, B. x.

In solemn prose, however, the termination is here made a separate syllable:  as, I go, thou goest, he goeth; I undo, thou undoest, he undoeth; I fly, thou fliest, he flieth; I pity, thou pitiest, he pitieth.

OBS. 38.—­The auxiliaries do, dost, does,—­(pronounced doo, dust, duz; and not as the words dough, dosed, doze,—­) am, art, is,—­have, hast, has,—­being also in frequent use as principal verbs of the present tense, retain their peculiar forms, with distinction of person and number, when they help to form the compound tenses of other verbs.  The other auxiliaries are not varied, or ought not to be varied, except in the solemn style.  Example of the familiar use:  “That thou may be found truly owning it.”—­Barclay’s Works, Vol. i, p. 234.

OBS. 39.—­The only regular terminations that are added to English verbs, are ing, d or e, st or est, s or es, th or eth[254] Ing, and th or eth, always add a syllable to the verb; except in doth, hath, saith.[255] The rest, whenever their sound will unite with that of the final syllable of the verb, are usually added without increasing the number of syllables; otherwise, they are separately pronounced.  In solemn discourse, however, ed and est are by most speakers uttered distinctly in all cases; except sometimes when a vowel precedes:  as in sanctified, glorified, which are pronounced as three syllables only.  Yet, in spite of this analogy, many readers will have sanctifiest and glorifiest to be words of four syllables.  If this pronunciation is proper, it is only so in solemn prose.  The prosody of verse will show how many syllables the poets make:  as,