like “the consideration of an object
as more than one.” (10.) “Number
distinguishes objects as one or more.”—Cooper’s
Murray, p. 21; Practical Gram., p. 18.
That is, number makes the plural to be either plural
or singular for distinction’s sake! (11.) “Number
is the distinction of nouns with regard to the
objects signified, as one or more.”—Fisk’s
Murray, p. 19. Here, too, number has “regard”
to the same confusion: while, by a gross error,
its “distinction” is confined to “nouns”
only! (12.) “Number is that property
of a noun by which it expresses one or
more than one.”—Bullions’s
E. Gram., p. 12; Analyt. Gram., 25.
Here again number is improperly limited to “a
noun;” and is said to be one sign of two,
or either of two, incompatible ideas! (13.) “Number
shows how many are meant, whether one or more.”—Smith’s
new Gram., p. 45. This is not a definition,
but a false assertion, in which Smith again confounds
arithmetic with grammar! Wheat and oats
are of different numbers; but neither of these numbers
“means a sum that may be counted,”
or really “shows how many are meant.”
So of “Man in general, Horses in
general, &c.”—Brightland’s
Gram., p. 77. (14.) “Number is the difference
in a noun or pronoun, to denote either a single
thing or more than one.”—Davenport’s
Gram., p. 14. This excludes the numbers of
a verb, and makes the singular and the plural
to be essentially one thing. (15.) “Number is
a modification of nouns and verbs, &c. according as
the thing spoken of is represented, as, one
or more, with regard to number.”—Burn’s
Gram., p. 32. This also has many faults, which
I leave to the discernment of the reader. (16.) “What
is number? Number shows the distinction
of one from many.”—Wilcox’s
Gram., p. 6. This is no answer to the question
asked; besides, it is obviously worse than the first
form, which has “is,” for “shows.”
(17.) “What is Number? It is the
representation of objects with respect to singleness,
or plurality.” —O. B. Peirce’s
Gram., p. 34. If there are two numbers, they
are neither of them properly described in this definition,
or in any of the preceding ones. There is a gross
misconception, in taking each or either of them to
be an alternate representation of two incompatible
ideas. And this sort of error is far from being
confined to the present subject; it runs through a
vast number of the various definitions contained in
our grammars. (18.) “Number is the
inflection of a noun, to indicate one
object or more than one. Or, Number
is the expression of unity or of more than
unity.”—Hiley’s Gram.,
p. 14. How hard this author laboured to think
what number is, and could not! (19.) “Number