them.”—­Scougal, p. 99.  So, likewise, when an intransitive verb takes the same case after as before it, by Rule 6th; as, “Johnson soon after engaged AS usher in a school.”—­L.  Murray. “He was employed AS usher.”  In all these examples, the case that follows as, is determined by that which precedes.  If after the verb “engaged” we supply himself, usher becomes objective, and is in apposition with the pronoun, and not in agreement with Johnson:  “He engaged himself as usher.”  One late writer, ignorant or regardless of the analogy of General Grammar, imagines this case to be an “objective governed by the conjunction as,” according to the following rule:  “The conjunction as, when it takes the meaning of for, or in the character of, governs the objective case; as, Addison, as a writer of prose, is highly distinguished.”—­J.  M. Putnam’s Gram., p. 113.  S. W. Clark, in his grammar published in 1848, sets as in his list of prepositions, with this example:  “’That England can spare from her service such men as HIM.’—­Lord Brougham.”—­Clark’s Practical Gram., p. 92.  And again:  “When the second term of a Comparison of equality is a Noun, or Pronoun, the Preposition AS is commonly used.  Example—­’He hath died to redeem such a rebel as ME.’—­Wesley.”  Undoubtedly, Wesley and Brougham here erroneously supposed the as to connect words only, and consequently to require them to be in the same case, agreeably to OBS. 1st, above; but a moment’s reflection on the sense, should convince any one, that the construction requires the nominative forms he and I, with the verbs is and am understood.

OBS. 8.—­The conjunction as may also be used between an adjective or a participle and the noun to which the adjective or participle relates; as, “It does not appear that brutes have the least reflex sense of actions AS distinguished from events; or that will and design, which constitute the very nature of actions AS such, are at all an object of their perception.”—­Butler’s Analogy, p. 277.

OBS. 9.—­As frequently has the force of a relative pronoun, and when it evidently sustains the relation of a case, it ought to be called, and generally is called, a pronoun, rather than a conjunction; as, “Avoid such as are vicious,”—­Anon.  “But as many as received him,” &c.—­John, i, 12.  “We have reduced the terms into as small a number as was consistent with perspicuity and distinction.”—­Brightland’s Gram., p. ix.  Here as represents a noun, and while it serves to connect the two parts of the sentence, it is also the subject of a verb.  These being the true characteristics of a relative pronoun, it is proper to refer the word to that class.