[117] Le Vassor, vol. vi. pp. 111-114.

[118] Capefigue, vol. iv. pp. 280-282.

[119] Bassompierre, Mem. vol. iii. pp. 235, 236.

[120] Capefigue, vol. iv. pp. 287, 288.

[121] Gaston d’Orleans, Mem. pp. 88, 89.  Mesdames de Lorraine were related to Charles I., through Mary Queen of Scots, his grandmother, who was the daughter of a Princess of that House.

[122] Capefigue, vol. iv. pp. 288-298.  Mezeray, vol. xi. pp. 370, 371.

[123] Le Vassor, vol. vi. pp. 252, 253.

[124] Marie Catherine de la Rochefoucauld, the widow of Henri de Beaufremont, Marquis de Senecay.  She died in 1677, at the age of eighty-nine years.

[125] Marie Madeline de Vignerot, Dame de Comballet, afterwards Duchesse d’Aiguillon.

[126] Brienne, Mem. vol. ii. pp. 2-4.

[127] Mercure Francais, 1629.

[128] Siri, Mem.  Rec. vol. vi. pp. 789, 790.

[129] Le Vassor, vol. vi. pp. 254, 255.

CHAPTER VII

1630

Gaston returns to France—­Precarious position of the Frencharmies—­Death of the Duke of Savoy—­The French besiege Pignerol—­Richelieu urges the King to possess himself of the Duchy of Savoy—­Marie de Medicis opposes the measure—­Louis XIII overruns Savoy—­The French lose Mantua—­Jules Mazarin—­The King is attacked by fever at Lyons—­Moral effects of his indisposition—­He consents to dismiss the Cardinal from office—­Reconciliation of the royal family—­The Court return to the capital—­Richelieu endeavours to regain the favour of the Queen-mother—­Policy of Marie—­Richelieu seeks to effect the disgrace of Marillac—­The two Queens unite their interests—­Meeting of the royal brothers—­Gaston inveighs bitterly against the Cardinal—­The Queen-mother takes up her abode at the Luxembourg—­Louis proceeds in state to bid her welcome—­Monsieur publicly affronts Richelieu—­A treaty is concluded with Italy—­Public rejoicings in Paris—­Marie dismisses the Cardinal and his relations from her household—­A drama at Court—­Richelieu prepares to leave Paris; but is dissuaded, and follows the King to Versailles—­Exultation of the citizens at the anticipated overthrow of the Cardinal-minister—­The courtiers crowd the Luxembourg—­Bassompierre at fault—­Triumph of Richelieu—­Hypocrisy of the Cardinal—­“The Day of Dupes”—­A regal minister—­The Marillacs are disgraced—­Anne of Austria is suspected of maintaining a secret correspondence with Spain—­Gaston conspires with the two Queens against Richelieu—­Divided state of the French Court—­A fete at the Louvre.