Yet my resentment has not wrought as far, but that
I have followed Chaucer in his character of a holy
man, and have enlarged on that subject with some pleasure,
reserving to myself the right, if I shall think fit
hereafter, to describe another sort of priests, such
as are more easily to be found than the Good Parson;
such as have given the last blow to Christianity in
this age, by a practice so contrary to their doctrine.
But this will keep cold till another time. In
the mean while, I take up Chaucer where I left him.
He must have been a man of a most wonderful comprehensive
nature, because, as it has been truly observed of
him, he has taken into the compass of his Canterbury
tales the various manners and humours (as we now call
them) of the whole English nation, in his age.
Not a single character has escaped him. All his
pilgrims are severally distinguished from each other;
and not only in their inclinations, but in their very
physiognomies and persons. Baptista Porta could
not have described their natures better, than by the
marks which the poet gives them. The matter and
manner of their tales, and of their telling, are so
suited to their different edncations, humours, and
callings, that each of them would be improper in any
other mouth. Even the grave and serious characters
are distinguished by their several sorts of gravity:
their discourses are such as belong to their age,
their calling, and their breeding; such as are becoming
of them, and of them only. Some of his persons
are vicious, and some virtuous; some are unlearned,
or (as Chaucer calls them) lewd, and some are learned.
Even the ribaldry of the low characters is different.
The Reeve, the Miller, and the Cook, are several men,
and distinguished from each other, as much as the
mincing Lady Prioress, and the broad-speaking gap-toothed
Wife of Bath. But enough of this: there
is such a variety of game springing up before me, that
I am distracted in my choice, and know not which to
follow. ’Tis sufficient to say, according
to the proverb, that here is God’s plenty.
We have our forefathers and great-granddames all before
us, as they were in Chaucer’s days: their
general characters are still remaining in mankind,
and even in England, though they are called by other
names than those of monks and friars, and chanons,
and lady abbesses, and nuns: for mankind is ever
the same, and nothing lost out of nature, though every
thing is altered. May I have leave to do myself
the justice, (since my enemies will do me none, and
are so far from granting me to be a good poet, that
they will not allow me so much as to be a Christian,
or a moral man); may I have leave, I say, to inform
my reader, that I have confined my choice to such
tales of Chaucer as savour nothing of immodesty.
If I had desired more to please than to instruct,
the Reeve, the Miller, the Shipman, the Merchants,
the Sumner, and above all the Wife of Bath, in the
prologue to her tale, would have procured me as many
friends and readers as there are beaux and ladies