Four weeks ago we stood on the verge of the great upheaval and knew it not.  We were thinking of holidays; of cricket and golf and bathing, and then were suddenly plunged in the deep waters of the greatest of all Wars.  It has been a month of rude awakening, of revelation, of discovery—­of many moods varying from confidence to deep misgiving, yet dominated by a sense of relief that England has chosen the right course.  Sir Edward Grey’s statement that we meant to stand by France and fulfil our obligations to Belgium rallied all parties.  “Thrice armed is he that hath his quarrel just.”  The Fleet “stands fast” and the vigil of the North Sea has begun.  Lord Kitchener has gone to the War Office, and in twelve days from the declaration of War our Expeditionary Force, the best trained and equipped army that England has ever put into the field, landed in France.  The Dominions and India are staunch.  Every able-bodied public school boy and under-graduate of military age has joined the colours.  The Admiralty is crowded with living counterparts of Captain Kettle, offering their services in any capacity, linking up the Merchant Marine with the Royal Navy in one great solidarity of the sea.

The Empire is sound and united.  So far the omens are good.  But as the days pass the colossal task of the Allies becomes increasingly apparent.  Peace-loving nations are confronted by a Power which has prepared for war for forty years, equipped in every detail as no Power has ever been equipped before, with a docile and well-disciplined people trained to arms, fortified by a well-founded belief in their invincibility, reinforced by armies of spies in every country, hostile or neutral.  We are up against the mightiest War-machine of all time, wonderful in organisation, joining the savagery of the barbarian to the deadliest resources of modern science.  The revelation of the black soul of Germany is the greatest and the most hideous surprise of this month of months, crowning long years of treachery and the abuse of hospitality with an orgy of butchery and devastation—­the torture and massacre of old men, women and children, the shooting of hostages, the sack and burning of towns and the destruction of ancient seats of learning.  Yet we feel that in trampling upon heroic Belgium, who dared to bar the gate, Germany has outraged the conscience of the world and sealed her ultimate doom.

The month closes in gloom, the fall of Liege, Namur and Brussels, the sack of Louvain, and the repulse of the Russian raid into East Prussia at Tannenberg following in rapid succession.  Against these disasters we have to set the brilliant engagement in the Heligoland Bight.  But the onrush of the Germans on the Western front is not stayed, though their time-table has been thrown out by the self-sacrifice of the Belgians, the steadfast courage of French’s “contemptible little army” in the retreat from Mons, and the bold decision of Smith-Dorrien, who saved the situation