FOOTNOTES: 

[Footnote 27:  The Study of Sociology, p. 396.]

[Footnote 28:  No one, for instance, has given more forcible or decisive expression than Mr. Spencer has done to the duty of not passively accepting the current theology.  See his First Principles, pt. i. ch. vi, Sec. 34; paragraph beginning,—­’Whoever hesitates to utter that which he thinks the highest truth, lest it should be too much in advance of the time, may reassure himself by looking at his acts from an impersonal point of view,’ etc.]

[Footnote 29:  Speech on Conciliation with America.]

[Footnote 30:  ’Toute enormite dans les esprits d’un certain ordre n’est souvent qu’une grande vue prise hors du temps et du lieu, et ne gardant aucun rapport reel avec les objets environnants.  Le propre de certaines prunelles ardentes est de franchir du regard les intervalles et de les supprimer.  Tantot c’est une idee qui retarde de plusieurs siecles, et que ces vigoureux esprits se figurent encore presente et vivante; tantot c’est une idee qui avance, et qu’ils croient incontinent realisable.  M. de Couaen etait ainsi; il voyait 1814 des 1804, et de la une superiorite; mais il jugeait 1814 possible des 1804 ou 1805, et de la tout un chimerique entassement.—­Voila un point blanc a l’horizon, chacun jurerait que c’est un nuage.  “C’est une montagne,” dit le voyageur a l’oeil d’aigle; mais s’il ajoute:  “Nous y arriverons ce soir, dans deux heures;” si, a chaque heure de marche, il crie avec emportement:  “Nous y sommes,” et le veut demontrer, il choque les voisins avec sa poutre, et donne l’avantage aux yeux moins percants et plus habitues a la plaine.’—­Ste. Beuve’s Volupte, p. 262]

[Footnote 31:  It is sometimes convenient to set familiar arguments down once more; so I venture to reprint in a note at the end of the chapter a short exposition of the doctrine of liberty, which I had occasion to make in considering Sir J.F.  Stephen’s vigorous attack on that doctrine.]

[Footnote 32:  Mr. Samuel Bailey’s Essays on the Formation and Publication of Opinions, etc., p. 138, (1826.)]

[Footnote 33:  There is a sense, and a most important sense, in which liberty is a positive force.  It is its robust and bracing influence on character, which makes wise men prize freedom and strive for the enlargement of its province.  As Mr. Mill expressed this:—­’It is of importance not only what men do, but what manner of men they are that do it,’ Milton pointed to the positive effect of liberty on character in the following passage:—­’They are not skilful considerers of human things who imagine to remove sin by removing the matter of sin.  Though ye take from a covetous man his treasure, he has yet one jewel left; ye cannot bereave him of his covetousness.  Banish all objects of lust, shut up all youth into the severest discipline that can be exercised in any hermitage, ye cannot make them chaste that came not thither so.  Suppose we could expel sin by this means; look how much we thus expel of sin, so much we expel of virtue.  And were I the chooser, a dram of well-doing should be preferred before many times as much the forcible hindrance of evil-doing.  For God sure esteems the growth and completing of one virtuous person, more than the restraint of ten vicious.’]