Project Gutenberg’s Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 3, No. 18, April, 1859, by Various

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Title:  Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 3, No. 18, April, 1859 [Date last updated:  August 7, 2005]

Author:  Various

Release Date:  March 9, 2004 [EBook #11525]

Language:  English

Character set encoding:  ASCII

*** Start of this project gutenberg EBOOK Atlantic monthly, no. 18 ***

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ATLANTIC MONTHLY.

A magazine of literature, art, and politics.

Vol.  III.—­April, 1859.—­No.  XVIII.

AGRARIANISM.

If we can believe an eminent authority, in which we are disposed to place great trust, the oldest contest that has divided society is that which has so long been waged between the House of have and the House of want.  It began before the bramble was chosen king of the trees, and it has outlasted the cedars of Lebanon.  We find it going on when Herodotus wrote his History, and the historians of the nineteenth century will have to continue writing of the actions of the parties to it.  There seems never to have been a time when it was not old, or a race that was not engaged in it, from the Tartars, who cook their meat by making saddle-cloths of it, to the Sybarites, impatient of crumpled rose-leaves.  Spartan oligarchs and Athenian democrats, Roman patricians and Roman plebeians, Venetian senators and Florentine ciompi, Norman nobles and Saxon serfs, Russian boyars and Turkish spahis, Spanish hidalgos and Aztec soldiers, Carolina slaveholders and New England farmers,—­these and a hundred other races or orders have all been parties to the great, the universal struggle which has for its object the acquisition of property, the providing of a shield against the ever-threatening fiend which we call want.  Property once obtained, the possessor’s next aim is to keep it.  The very fact, that the mode of acquisition may have been wrong, and subversive of property-rights, if suffered to be imitated, naturally makes its possessor suspicious and cruel.  He fears that the measure he has meted to others may be meted to him again.  Hence severe laws, the monopoly of political power and of political offices by property-holders, the domination of conquering races, and the practice of attributing to all reformers designs against property and its owners, though the changes they recommend may