two opposite reasons; now, because they are talking about something too large for any one to understand, and now again because they are talking about something too small for any one to see.  Francis Thompson possessed both these infinities.  He escaped by being too small, as the microbe escapes; or he escaped by being too large, as the universe escapes.  Any one who knows Francis Thompson’s poetry knows quite well the truth to which I refer.  For the benefit of any person who does not know it, I may mention two cases taken from memory.  I have not the book by me, so I can only render the poetical passages in a clumsy paraphrase.  But there was one poem of which the image was so vast that it was literally difficult for a time to take it in; he was describing the evening earth with its mist and fume and fragrance, and represented the whole as rolling upwards like a smoke; then suddenly he called the whole ball of the earth a thurible, and said that some gigantic spirit swung it slowly before God.  That is the case of the image too large for comprehension.  Another instance sticks in my mind of the image which is too small.  In one of his poems, he says that abyss between the known and the unknown is bridged by “Pontifical death.”  There are about ten historical and theological puns in that one word.  That a priest means a pontiff, that a pontiff means a bridge-maker, that death is certainly a bridge, that death may turn out after all to be a reconciling priest, that at least priests and bridges both attest to the fact that one thing can get separated from another thing—­these ideas, and twenty more, are all actually concentrated in the word “pontifical.”  In Francis Thompson’s poetry, as in the poetry of the universe, you can work infinitely out and out, but yet infinitely in and in.  These two infinities are the mark of greatness; and he was a great poet.

Beneath the tide of praise which was obviously due to the dead poet, there is an evident undercurrent of discussion about him; some charges of moral weakness were at least important enough to be authoritatively contradicted in the Nation; and, in connection with this and other things, there has been a continuous stir of comment upon his attraction to and gradual absorption in Catholic theological ideas.  This question is so important that I think it ought to be considered and understood even at the present time.  It is, of course, true that Francis Thompson devoted himself more and more to poems not only purely Catholic, but, one may say, purely ecclesiastical.  And it is, moreover, true that (if things go on as they are going on at present) more and more good poets will do the same.  Poets will tend towards Christian orthodoxy for a perfectly plain reason; because it is about the simplest and freest thing now left in the world.  On this point it is very necessary to be clear.  When people impute special vices to the Christian Church, they seem entirely to forget that the world (which is the only other thing there is) has these vices much more.  The Church has been cruel; but the world has been much more cruel.  The Church has plotted; but the world has plotted much more.  The Church has been superstitious; but it has never been so superstitious as the world is when left to itself.