shameful to loiter, and noble to kill and kill again, to be for ever slaughtering!  Oft have I seen the stern kings meet in war, seen shield and helmet bruised, and the fields redden with blood, and the cuirass broken by the spear-point, and the corselets all around giving at the thrust of the steel, and the wild beasts battening on the unburied soldier.  Here, as it chanced, one that attempted a mighty thing, a strong-handed warrior, fighting against the press of the foe, smote through the mail that covered my head, pierced my helmet, and plunged his blade into my crest.  This sword also hath often been driven by my right hand in war, and, once unsheathed, hath cleft the skin and bitten into the skull.”

Hather, in answer, sang as follows: 

“Whence comest thou, who art used to write the poems of thy land, leaning thy wavering steps on a frail staff?  Or whither dost thou speed, who art the readiest bard of the Danish muse?  All the glory of thy great strength is faded and lost; the hue is banished from thy face, the joy is gone out of thy soul; the voice has left thy throat, and is hoarse and dull; thy body has lost its former stature; the decay of death begins, and has wasted thy features and thy force.  As a ship wearies, buffeted by continual billows, even so old age, gendered by a long course of years, brings forth bitter death; and the life falls when its strength is done, and suffers the loss of its ancient lot.  Famous old man, who has told thee that thou mayst not duly follow the sports of youth, or fling balls, or bite and eat the nut?  I think it were better for thee now to sell thy sword, and buy a carriage wherein to ride often, or a horse easy on the bit, or at the same cost to purchase a light cart.  It will be more fitting for beasts of burden to carry weak old men, when their steps fail them; the wheel, driving round and round, serves for him whose foot totters feebly.  But if perchance thou art loth to sell the useless steel, thy sword, if it be not for sale, shall be taken from thee and shall slay thee.”

Starkad answered:  “Wretch, thy glib lips scatter idle words, unfit for the ears of the good.  Why seek the gifts to reward that guidance, which thou shouldst have offered for naught?  Surely I will walk afoot, and will not basely give up my sword and buy the help of a stranger; nature has given me the right of passage, and hath bidden me trust in my own feet.  Why mock and jeer with insolent speech at him whom thou shouldst have offered to guide upon his way?  Why give to dishonour my deeds of old, which deserve the memorial of fame?  Why requite my service with reproach?  Why pursue with jeers the old man mighty in battle, and put to shame my unsurpassed honours and illustrious deeds, belittling my glories and girding at my prowess?  For what valour of thine dost thou demand my sword, which thy strength does not deserve?  It befits not the right hand or the unwarlike side of a herdsman, who is wont to make his peasant-music on the pipe, to