A pleasanter picture is afforded by the largest single unit in rice culture of which an account is available.  This was the plantation of William Aiken, at one time governor of South Carolina, occupying Jehossee Island near the mouth of the Edisto River.  It was described in 1850 by Solon Robinson, an Iowa farmer then on tour as correspondent for the American Agriculturist.  The two or three hundred acres of firm land above tide comprised the homestead, the negro quarter, the stables, the stock yard, the threshing mill and part of the provision fields.  Of the land which could be flooded with the tide, about fifteen hundred acres were diked and drained.  About two-thirds of this appears to have been cropped in rice each year, and the rest in corn, oats and sweet potatoes.  The steam-driven threshing apparatus was described as highly efficient.  The sheaves were brought on the heads of the negroes from the great smooth stack yard, and opened in a shed where the scattered grain might be saved.  A mechanical carrier led thence to the threshing machines on the second floor, whence the grain descended through a winnowing fan.  The pounding mill, driven by the tide, was a half mile distant at the wharf, whence a schooner belonging to the plantation carried the hulled and polished rice in thirty-ton cargoes to Charleston.  The average product per acre was about forty-five bushels in the husk, each bushel yielding some thirty pounds of cleaned rice, worth about three cents a pound.  The provision fields commonly fed the force of slaves and mules; and the slave families had their own gardens and poultry to supplement their fare.  The rice crops generally yielded some twenty-five thousand dollars in gross proceeds, while the expenses, including the two-thousand-dollar salary of the overseer, commonly amounted to some ten thousand dollars.  During the summer absence of the master, the overseer was the only white man on the place.  The engineers, smiths, carpenters and sailors were all black.  “The number of negroes upon the place,” wrote Robinson, “is just about 700, occupying 84 double frame houses, each containing two tenements of three rooms to a family besides the cockloft....  There are two common hospitals and a ‘lying-in hospital,’ and a very neat, commodious church, which is well filled every Sabbath....  Now the owner of all this property lives in a very humble cottage, embowered in dense shrubbery and making no show....  He and his family are as plain and unostentatious in their manners as the house they live in....  Nearly all the land has been reclaimed and the buildings, except the house, erected new within the twenty years that Governor Aiken has owned the island.  I fully believe that he is more concerned to make his people comfortable and happy than he is to make money."[30] When the present writer visited Jehossee in the harvest season sixty years after Robinson, the fields were dotted with reapers, wage earners now instead of slaves,