AN’TONY AND CAESAR.  Macbeth says that “under Banquo his own genius was rebuked [or snubbed], as it is said Mark Antony’s was by Caesar” (act iii. sc. 1), and in Antony and Cleopatra this passage is elucidated thus—­

  Thy daemon, that’s thy spirit which keeps thee, is
  Noble, courageous, high, unmatchable,
  Where Caesar’s is not; but near him thy angel
  Becomes a fear, as being overpowered.

  Act ii. sc. 3.

ANVIL (The Literary).  Dr. Mayo was so called, because he bore the hardest blows of Dr. Johnson without flinching.

AODH, last of the Culdees, or primitive clergy of Io’na, an island south of Staffa.  His wife was Reullu’ra.  Ulvfa’gre the Dane, having landed on the island and put many to the sword, bound Aodh in chains of iron, then dragging him to the church, demanded where the “treasures were concealed.”  A mysterious figure now appeared, which not only released the priest, but took the Dane by the arm to the statue of St. Columb, which fell on him and crushed him to death.  After this the “saint” gathered the remnant of the islanders together, and went to Ireland.—­Campbell, Reullura.

APE (1 syl.), the pseudonym of M. Pellegrini, the caricaturist of Vanity Fair.  Dr. Johnson says “to ape is to imitate ludicrously;” whence the adoption of the name.

APEL’LES AND THE COBBLER.  A cobbler found fault with the shoe-latchet of one of Apelles’ paintings, and the artist rectified the fault.  The cobbler, thinking himself very wise, next ventured to criticise the legs; but Apelles said, Ne sutor ultra crepidam ("Let not the cobbler go beyond his last").

Within that range of criticism where all are equally judges, and where Crispin is entitled to dictate to Apelles.—­Encyc.  Brit., Art.  “Romance.”

Apelles.  When his famous painting of Venus rising out of the sea (hung by Augustus in the temple of Julius Caesar) was greatly injured by time, Nero replaced it by a copy done by Dorotheus.  This Venus by Apelles is called “Venus Anadyom’-ene,” his model (according to tradition) being Campaspe (afterwards his wife).

APEMAN’TUS, a churlish Athenian philosopher, who snarled at men systematically, but showed his cynicism to be mere affectation, when Timon attacked him with his own weapons.—­Shakespeare, Timon of Athens (1600).

Their affected melancholy showed like the cynicism of Apemantus, contrasted with the real misanthropy of Timon.—­Sir W. Scott.

APIC’IUS, an epicure in the time of Tiberius.  He wrote a book on the ways of provoking an appetite.  Having spent L800,000 in supplying the delicacies of the table, and having only L80,000 left, he hanged himself, not thinking it possible to exist on such a wretched pittance. Apicia, however, became a stock name for certain cakes and sauces, and his name is still proverbial in all matters of gastronomy.