The writer shows that efforts ought to be directed along seven lines, and the work on these seven lines should be closely cooerdinated.

1. Transportation.  The safe transportation of admitted aliens to their destination.

2. Employment.  Security of employment, and adequate cooerdinated, regulated labor-market organization.

3. Standards of living.  Making it possible for the immigrant to adopt and maintain better standards of living, by removal of discriminations in localities, housing and sanitation, and by preventing overcrowding.

4. Savings.  Information regarding savings banks, loan funds, agricultural colonies, and legislation regarding the same.

5. Education.  Reduction of illiteracy, the teaching of civics, and extension of opportunity of education and industrial training.

6. Citizenship.  Higher and simpler naturalization requirements, and processes, and placing the legal status of the alien upon a just and consistent foundation.

7. Public Charges.  National and state cooeperation in the care of any who may become public charges.

No one can suppose that every Greek boy desires to become a shoeblack, or that every Scandinavian girl is fitted for domestic service and for nothing else; that every Slavic Jewess should become a garment-worker; that every Italian man should work on the roads; that the Lithuanian and Hungarian, no matter what their training or their ability, should be compelled to go into the steel-rolling mills.  All this because they land speaking no English, and not knowing how to place themselves in occupations better adapted to their inclinations and qualifications.  No one knows how many educated and trained men and women are thus turned into hewers of wood and drawers of water, to the ruin of their own lives and the loss of the community.

The unregulated private employment office, the padrone and the sweat-shop are the agencies who direct the newcomers to jobs, whether it be in the city or out in the country camp.

Many of the new arrivals would gladly take up agriculture, if they knew where to go, and were safeguarded against imposition—­having a fee taken, for instance, and then landed several hundred miles away, penniless, to find all the jobs gone.

The immigrant on landing is very much like the child leaving school to go to work, and requires vocational guidance just as sorely.

The needs of the alien are closely related to the general question of unemployment.  He suffers in an acute degree from the want of system in the regularization of industry, and the fact that we have failed to recognize unemployment, and all irregularity of employment as a condition to be met and provided against by industry and the community.