Chapter X:  THE PERIOD OF ABSOLUTISM

    (A) The Mongol Epoch (1280-1368)
  1 Beginning of new foreign rules
  2 “Nationality legislation”
  3 Military position
  4 Social situation
  5 Popular risings:  National rising
  6 Cultural

    (B) The Ming Epoch (1368-1644)
  1 Start.  National feeling
  2 Wars against Mongols and Japanese
  3 Social legislation within the existing order
  4 Colonization and agricultural developments
  5 Commercial and industrial developments
  6 Growth of the small gentry
  7 Literature, art, crafts
  8 Politics at court
  9 Navy.  Southward expansion
 10 Struggles between cliques
 11 Risings
 12 Machiavellism
 13 Foreign relations in the sixteenth century
 14 External and internal perils

    (C) The Manchu Dynasty (1644-1911)
  1 Installation of the Manchus
  2 Decline in the eighteenth century
  3 Expansion in Central Asia; the first State treaty
  4 Culture
  5 Relations with the outer world
  6 Decline; revolts
  7 European Imperialism in the Far East
  8 Risings in Turkestan and within China:  the T’ai P’ing Rebellion
  9 Collision with Japan; further Capitulations
 10 Russia in Manchuria
 11 Reform and reaction:  The Boxer Rising
 12 End of the dynasty

Chapter XI:  THE REPUBLIC (1912-1948)

1 Social and intellectual position 2 First period of the Republic:  The warlords 3 Second period of the Republic:  Nationalist China 4 The Sino-Japanese war (1937-1945)

Chapter XII:  PRESENT-DAY CHINA

  1 The growth of communism
  2 Nationalist China in Taiwan
  3 Communist China

Notes and References

Index

ILLUSTRATIONS

1 Painted pottery from Kansu:  Neolithic.
  In the collection of the Museum fuer Voelkerkunde, Berlin.

2 Ancient bronze tripod found at Anyang.
  From G. Ecke:  Fruehe chinesische Bronzen aus der Sammlung Oskar
  Trautmann, Peking 1939, plate 3.

3 Bronze plaque representing two horses fighting each other.  Ordos
  region, animal style.
  From V. Griessmaier:  Sammlung Baron Eduard von der Heydt,
  Vienna 1936, illustration No. 6.

4 Hunting scene:  detail from the reliefs in the tombs at Wu-liang-tz’u.
  From a print in the author’s possession.

5 Part of the “Great Wall”.
  Photo Eberhard.

6 Sun Ch’uean, ruler of Wu.
  From a painting by Yen Li-pen (c. 640-680).

7 General view of the Buddhist cave-temples of Yuen-kang. 
  In the foreground, the present village; in the background the rampart.
  Photo H. Hammer-Morrisson.

8 Detail from the Buddhist cave-reliefs of Lung-men.
  From a print in the author’s possession.