across its shoulders are suspended mantles richly
embroidered with the arms of the gremio to which it
belongs, all of which become the perquisite of the
Toreador or Matador who slays the bull.
The price of admission is four reals, or two shillings;
but an additional charge is made for seats in the
boxes; and the managers pay a considerable tax to government
on every performance. Early in the afternoon
of the day fixed upon for a bull-fight, every street
leading to the amphitheatre is crowded with carriages,
horsemen, and pedestrians. All are in the highest
state of excitement, the highest glee, and in full
dress. The business of the ring commences, about
2 p.m. by a curious sort of prelude. A company
of soldiers perform a despejo, or a military
pantomime. The men having been previously drilled
for that purpose, go through a variety of fanciful
evolutions, forming the Roman and Greek crosses, stars,
and figures, so describing a sentence, such as viva
la patria, viva San Martin, or the name of any
other person who happens to be at the head of the
government. As a finale, the soldiers form
a circle, face outwards, then advance towards the
boxes, preserving their circular order, which they
extend, until they approach close enough to climb up
to the benches. Every movement is made to the
sound of the drum; the effect is exceedingly good.
A band of music is likewise in attendance, and plays
at intervals. The prelude being over, six or seven
toreador enter the arena on foot, dressed in silk
jackets of different colours, richly spangled or bordered
with gold or silver lace. One or two of these
men, and who are called matadores, are pardoned
criminals, and they receive a considerable sum for
every bull they kill. About the same time various
amateurs, well mounted on steeds gaily caparisoned,
fancifully and tastefully attired, present themselves.
When all is prepared, a door is opened under the box
occupied by the municipality, and a bull rushes from
a pen. At first he gazes about as if in surprise,
but is soon put upon his mettle, by the waving of flags
and the throwing of darts, crackers, and other annoyances.
The amateur cavaliers display their horsemanship and
skill in provoking and in eluding his vengeance, in
order to catch the eye of some favourite fair one,
and to gain the applause of their friends and the
audience. They infuriate the animal by waving
a mantle over his head, and when pursued they do not
allow their horses to advance more than a few inches
from the horns of the angry bull. When at full
speed, they make their horse revolve upon his hind
legs, and remain in readiness to make a second turn
upon the animal. This operation is several times
repeated with equal agility and boldness, and is called
capear. The amateurs then promenade around
to acknowledge the plaudits bestowed. This species
of sparring on horseback with the bull, is practised
only in South America. Indeed in no other part